Amabhasi aseYurophu ngokushesha aba ngogesi ngokuphelele

Amabhasi aseYurophu ngokushesha aba ngogesi ngokuphelele

Usayizi wemakethe yamabhasi kagesi ase-Europe kulindeleke ukuthi ube ngu-USD 1.76 billion ngo-2024 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-USD 3.48 billion ngo-2029, ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingu-14.56% ngesikhathi sokubikezela (2024-2029).

Amabhasi kagesi aguqula izinhlelo zezokuthutha zomphakathi zaseYurophu ngokushesha kunalokho abekhi benqubomgomo abaningi abebekulindele. Ngokombiko omusha we-Transport & Environment (T&E), ngo-2024, cishe ingxenye yawo wonke amabhasi amadolobha amasha adayiswa e-EU azobe esebenza ngogesi ngokuphelele. Lolu shintsho luphawula umzuzu obalulekile ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni kwezokuthutha zomphakathi zaseYurophu. Ukuthambekela kwamabhasi kagesi sekucacile. Amadolobhakazi kulo lonke elaseYurophu ashintsha ngokushesha ukusuka kumamodeli edizili nehybrid aya emabhasini kagesi ukuze azuze ukonga izindleko, izinzuzo ezisebenza kahle, kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo. Le datha ibonisa ukuzibophezela kwe-Europe ekufakeni ugesi kwezokuthutha zomphakathi.

I. Izinzuzo Zemakethe Zamabhasi Kagesi:

I-Dual-Drive esuka ku-Inqubomgomo Nobuchwepheshe

1. Izinzuzo Ezimbili Zezindleko Nokuvikelwa Kwemvelo

Izindleko zokusebenza zamabhasi asebenza ngogesi ziphansi kakhulu kunezezimoto ezijwayelekile zikadizili. Uma sithatha iFrance njengesibonelo, nakuba isabelo sayo samabhasi anamandla amasha simi ku-33% kuphela (ngaphansi kwesilinganiso se-EU), izindleko zokusebenza ngekhilomitha zamabhasi kagesi zingaba ngaphansi kuka-€0.15, kuyilapho amabhasi e-hydrogen fuel cell abiza izindleko ezifika ku-€0.95. Idatha Yamazwe Ngamazwe: I-Montpellier, eFrance, ekuqaleni yayihlele ukuhlanganisa amabhasi e-hydrogen emkhunjini wayo kodwa yaluyeka lolu hlelo lapho ithola izindleko ze-hydrogen ngekhilomitha ngalinye yayingu-€0.95, uma kuqhathaniswa no-€0.15 nje wamabhasi kagesi. Ucwaningo lweNyuvesi yase-Bocconi luthole ukuthi amabhasi e-hydrogen ase-Italy abe nezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila ezingu-€1.986 ngekhilomitha - acishe aphindeke kabili i-€1.028 ngekhilomitha kumamodeli kagesi webhethri. E-Bolzano, e-Italy, abaqhubi bamabhasi baqophe izindleko zokusebenza zebhasi le-hydrogen ku-€1.27 ngekhilomitha uma kuqhathaniswa no-€0.55 wamabhasi kagesi. Lezi zimo zezezimali zivimbela iziphathimandla zezokuthutha ku-hydrogen, njengoba izindleko eziqhubekayo zihlala zingamukeleki kuwo wonke amabhasi ngisho nangemixhaso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-EU isheshisa ukukhishwa kwamabhasi edizili kwezokuthutha zasemadolobheni ngokusebenzisa imithetho eqinile ye-CO₂ nezinqubomgomo zezindawo ezingcolisa umoya. Ngo-2030, amabhasi edolobha laseYurophu kufanele kakhulu ashintshele ekushayeleni ugesi, okuhloswe ngawo amabhasi kagesi angama-75% kukho konke ukuthengiswa kwamabhasi amasha aseYurophu ngalowo nyaka. Lolu hlelo luthole ukwesekwa kubaqhubi bezithuthi zomphakathi kanye neziphathimandla zikamasipala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo esikhulayo samakhasimende samabhasi kagesi sisukela kakhulu ekuhlanganeni kwezimiso zokulawula nezemvelo, okuqhubekisela phambili ukwanda kwemakethe yamabhasi kagesi asemadolobheni aseYurophu. Phakathi kwemakethe yamabhasi emile yaseYurophu, amadolobha amakhulu kanye namazwe akhathalela imvelo amukela amabhasi kagesi ukubhekana nezinkinga ezicindezelayo zokunukubezwa komoya nomsindo, ngaleyo ndlela afeze izibopho zokuvikela izakhamuzi ezingozini zemvelo.

2. Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe isheshisa ukwamukelwa kwemakethe.

Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe bebhethri kanye nokukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu kuye kwanciphisa kakhulu izindleko, okwandisa ububanzi bamabhasi kagesi ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zokusebenza zansuku zonke. Isibonelo, amabhasi e-BYD ajutshwe e-London adlule obekulindelekile, akudambisa ngokuphelele ukukhathazeka kwabaqhubi mayelana nomthelela wokushaja ekusebenzeni.