Ibibazo icumi ku bijyanye no gushyushya Tesla buri munsi

Ni angahe igiciro cyo kwishyuza ku munsi gifitiye akamaro bateri cyane?

Hari umuntu wigeze gushaka gusigira abuzukuru be Tesla ye, maze yohereza ubutumwa bwa email abaza impuguke mu by'amashanyarazi ya Tesla ati: Nayishyuza nte kugira ngo bateri ikomeze kubaho neza?

Impuguke zivuga ko: Ishyuza kugeza kuri 70% buri munsi, uyishyuze uko uyikoresha, hanyuma uyishyiremo niba bishoboka.

Ku bantu tudashaka kuyikoresha nk'umurage w'umuryango, dushobora kuyishyira kuri 80-90% buri munsi. Birumvikana ko niba ufite charger yo mu rugo, uyishyiremo ugeze mu rugo.

Ku ntera ndende rimwe na rimwe, ushobora gushyiraho "urugendo rwagenwe" kuri 100%, kandi ukagerageza kugumana bateri mu gihe gito gishoboka. Ikintu giteye ubwoba cyane kuri bateri za ternary lithium ni gusharija cyane no gusohora umuriro urenze urugero, ni ukuvuga ibice bibiri birebire bya 100% na 0%.

Bateri ya lithium-fer iratandukanye. Birasabwa kuyishyushya byibuze rimwe mu cyumweru kugira ngo itunganye SoC.

Ese gusharija cyane/gukoresha DC bizangiza bateri cyane?

Mu by’ukuri, ibyo ni ukuri. Ariko si siyansi kuvuga ku byangiritse nta rugero. Dukurikije uko abafite imodoka zo mu mahanga n’abafite imodoka zo mu ngo bameze, navuganye na bo: hashingiwe ku birometero 150.000, itandukaniro riri hagati yo kwishyuza imodoka zo mu rugo no kwishyuza imodoka nyinshi ni hafi 5%.

Mu by’ukuri, mu rundi ruhande, igihe cyose urekuye accelerator ugakoresha kinetic energy recovery, bingana no charger ifite imbaraga nyinshi nko charger irenze urugero. Rero, nta mpamvu yo guhangayika cyane.

Ku bijyanye no gusharija mu rugo, nta mpamvu yo kugabanya umuvuduko wo gusharija. Umuvuduko wo kugarura ingufu za kinetic ni 100A-200A, kandi ibyiciro bitatu byo gusharija mu rugo bingana na A nyinshi gusa.

Hasigaye angahe buri gihe kandi ni byiza kongeramo umuriro?

Niba bishoboka, shyira umuriro uko ugenda; niba bidashoboka, gerageza kwirinda ko urugero rwa batiri rugabanuka munsi ya 10%. Bateri za Lithium nta "ingaruka zo kwibuka batiri" zifite kandi ntizigomba gusezererwa no kongera gusharijwa. Ahubwo, batiri nkeya ni mbi kuri bateri za Lithium.

Ikindi kandi, iyo utwaye imodoka, bitewe no kugarura ingufu za kinetic, ikomeza gutanga/gutanga charge mu buryo bunyuranye.

Ese iyo modoka iyo ntayikoresheje igihe kirekire, nayishyira ku gasanduku ko kuyishyuriramo?

Yego, iki ni cyo gikorwa cyemewe n'amategeko. Muri iki gihe, ushobora gushyiraho umupaka ntarengwa wo gusharija kuri 70%, ugashyira aho gusharija amashanyarazi, hanyuma ugafungura uburyo bwo kurinda.

Niba nta mashini ikoresha umuriro, ni byiza kuzimya Sentry no gufungura porogaramu gake gashoboka kugira ngo imodoka ibyuke kugira ngo yongere igihe cyo guhagarara. Mu bihe bisanzwe, nta kibazo kizaba kirimo gukuramo batiri yose mu gihe cy'amezi 1-2 muri gahunda zavuzwe haruguru.

Igihe cyose bateri nini ifite ingufu, bateri nto ya Tesla nayo izaba ifite ingufu.

Ese imigozi yo kwishyuza y’umuntu wa gatatu izangiza imodoka?

Tesla kandi yakozwe ikanakorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza agenga gusharija y’igihugu. Gukoresha imigozi yujuje ibisabwa yo gusharija y’abandi nta kabuza bizabangamira imodoka. Imigozi y’abandi yo gusharija igabanyijemo DC na AC, kandi ijyanye na Tesla ni iyo gusharija cyane no gusharija mu rugo.

Reka tuvuge ku itumanaho mbere na mbere, ni ukuvuga ibyuma bishyushya buhoro buhoro. Kubera ko izina risanzwe ry'iki kintu ari "charging connector", gitanga ingufu ku modoka gusa. Ushobora kubyumva nk'icyuma gikoresha protocole control. Ntikigira uruhare mu gusharija imodoka na gato, bityo nta mpamvu yo kwangiza imodoka. Niyo mpamvu Xiaote car charger ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ubundi buryo bwo gushyushya charger mu rugo, bityo ushobora kuyikoresha ufite icyizere.

Reka tuvuge kuri DC, izaba ifite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe. Cyane cyane ku modoka zisanzwe zo mu Burayi, converter izahita ihagarika iyo ihuye n'ikirundo cya bisi irimo amashanyarazi ya 24V.

Iki kibazo cyanogejwe mu modoka za GB, kandi imodoka za GB ntizikunze kugira ikibazo cyo gushyushya port.

Ariko, ushobora guhura n'ikosa ryo kurinda bateri maze unanirwa gusharija. Muri iki gihe, ushobora kugerageza 400 mbere na mbere kugira ngo wongere ushyireho uburyo bwo kurinda gusharija uri kure.

Amaherezo, hashobora kubaho ikibazo cyo gukurura imbunda ku bandi bantu: kudashobora gukurura imbunda. Ibi bishobora kurekurwa binyuze mu kantu ko gukurura ka mashini imbere mu gitereko cy'imbunda. Rimwe na rimwe, niba gukurura kudasanzwe, ushobora no kugerageza gukoresha iyi mpeta yo gukurura kugira ngo uyisubize mu buryo bwa mashini.

Iyo urimo gusharija, uzumva ijwi rikomeye "rikubita cyane" rituruka muri chassis. Ese ibi ni ibisanzwe?

ibisanzwe. Si ugushyushya gusa, rimwe na rimwe imodoka ikora gutya iyo ikangutse ivuye mu bitotsi cyangwa ivuguruwe kandi ivugururwa. Bivugwa ko biterwa na valve ya solenoid. Byongeye kandi, ni ibisanzwe ko umufana uri imbere y'imodoka akora cyane iyo ashyushya.

Imodoka yanjye isa nkaho ifite umuriro mu birometero bike ugereranije n'igihe nayitwaraga. Ese ni ukubera ko yangiritse?

Yego, batiri irashira rwose. Ariko, igihombo cyayo ntabwo ari umurongo ugororotse. Kuva kuri kilometero 0 kugeza ku 20.000, hashobora kubaho igihombo cya 5%, ariko kuva kuri kilometero 20.000 kugeza ku 40.000, hashobora kubaho igihombo cya 1% gusa.

Ku batunze imodoka benshi, gusimbuza imodoka bitewe n’ibura rya batiri cyangwa kwangirika kw’inyuma ni ibintu bikunze kugaragara kuruta gusimbuza imodoka bitewe n’ibura ryayo gusa. Mu yandi magambo: Ikoreshe uko ubyifuza, kandi niba igihe batiri ifite kigabanukaho 30% mu myaka 8, ushobora kuyihinduranya na Tesla.

Roadster yanjye ya mbere, yubatswe hakoreshejwe bateri igendanwa, ntiyashoboye kugabanyirizwa 30% ku buzima bwa bateri mu myaka 8, bityo nakoresheje amafaranga menshi kugura bateri nshya.

Umubare ubona ukoresheje gukurura umupaka wo gushyushya ntabwo ari wo, ufite ikosa rya 2%.

Urugero, niba batiri yawe iriho ubu iri kuri 5% na 25KM, niba ubara 100%, izaba kilometero 500. Ariko niba utakaza 1KM ubu, uzatakaza indi 1%, ni ukuvuga 4%, 24KM. Niba urabaruye kugeza kuri 100%, uzabona kilometero 600…

Ariko, uko urwego rwa bateri yawe ruri hejuru, niko iki giciro kizaba cyiza kurushaho. Urugero, ku ishusho, iyo bateri yuzuye, bateri igera kuri 485KM.

Kuki ingano y'amashanyarazi yakoreshejwe "kuva aho iheruka gushyushwa" igaragara ku gikoresho cy'amashanyarazi ari make cyane?

Kubera ko iyo amapine adakora, ingufu zikoreshwa ntizizabarwa. Niba ushaka kubona agaciro kangana n'ubushobozi bwa bateri yawe, ni ukuyishaja neza hanyuma ukirukira ku modoka mu mwuka umwe kugira ngo ube umeze neza. (Bateri ya Model 3 ishobora kumara igihe kirekire igera kuri 75 kWh)

Kuki nkoresha ingufu nyinshi cyane?

Ingufu zikoreshwa mu ntera ngufi ntabwo zifite akamaro kanini. Iyo imodoka itangiye gukoreshwa, kugira ngo igere ku bushyuhe bwagenwe mu modoka, iki gice cy'imodoka kizakoresha ingufu nyinshi. Iyo kimaze gukwirakwira mu ntera, ingufu zikoreshwa zizarushaho kuba nyinshi.

Kubera ko ingufu zikoreshwa na Tesla zigabanuka bitewe n'intera: ingano y'amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gukora kilometero 1. Iyo icyuma gikonjesha ari kinini kandi kikagenda buhoro, ingufu zikoreshwa zizarushaho kuba nyinshi, nko mu gihe cy'umubyigano w'imodoka mu gihe cy'itumba.

Nyuma y'uko igihe bateri imara kigera kuri 0, nshobora gukomeza kuyikoresha?

Birashoboka, ariko ntabwo byemewe kuko byangiza bateri. Igihe bateri imara munsi ya zeru ni nko muri kilometero 10-20. Ntukajye munsi ya zeru keretse bibaye ngombwa rwose.

Kubera ko nyuma yo gukonja, batiri ntoya izabura ingufu, bigatuma urugi rw'imodoka rudashobora gukingurwa n'igipfukisho cyo gusharija kidashobora gukingurwa, bigatuma ubutabazi burushaho kugorana. Niba utiteze kugera aho gusharija hakurikiraho, hamagara ubutabazi vuba bishoboka cyangwa ukoreshe imodoka kugira ngo ibanza gusharije. Ntugatware imodoka ujya aho uzaryama.