Yintoni iMigangatho yokuTshaja yaseMntla Melika (iTesla NACS)?

I-North American Charging Standard (NACS) yiyo le nto iTesla yayibiza ngokuba yi-proprietary vehicle charger connector kunye ne-charge port xa, ngoNovemba 2022, yavula uyilo olunelungelo lomenzi kunye neenkcukacha zokusetyenziswa ngabanye abavelisi be-EV kunye nabaqhubi benethiwekhi yokutshaja ye-EV kwihlabathi liphela. I-NACS inikezela zombini i-AC kunye ne-DC charging kwiplagi enye encinci, isebenzisa iiphini ezifanayo kuzo zombini, kwaye ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1MW yamandla kwi-DC.

I-Tesla isebenzise esi sixhumi kuzo zonke iimoto zemarike zaseMntla Melika ukusukela ngo-2012 kunye neeSuperchargers zayo ezisebenza ngeDC kunye neeTesla Wall Connectors zayo zeLevel 2 zokutshaja ekhaya nakwiindawo eziya kuzo. Ulawulo lwe-Tesla kwimarike ye-EV yaseMntla Melika kunye nokwakheka kwayo kwenethiwekhi yokutshaja ye-DC EV ebanzi kakhulu eMelika kwenza i-NACS ibe yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu.

Ingaba i-NACS ngumgangatho ochanekileyo?

Xa i-NACS yathiywa igama yaza yavulwa kuluntu, ayizange ibhalwe phantsi yimibutho ekhoyo yemigangatho efana ne-SAE International (SAE), eyayisakuba yi-Society of Automotive Engineers. NgoJulayi 2023, i-SAE yabhengeza izicwangciso "zokukhawulezisa" ukwenza i-NACS Electric Vehicle Coupler ibe yi-SAE J3400 ngokupapasha umgangatho ngaphambi kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo, ngaphambi kowama-2024. Imigangatho iya kujongana nendlela iiplagi ezidibana ngayo nezikhululo zokutshaja, isantya sokutshaja, ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwe-cyber.

Ziziphi ezinye iindlela zokutshaja iimoto ze-EV ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje?

I-J1772 ngumgangatho weplagi yokutshaja kwe-AC esebenzisa i-AC yeNqanaba loku-1 okanye leNqanaba lesi-2. I-Combined Charging Standard (CCS) idibanisa isixhumi se-J1772 kunye nesixhumi esineephini ezimbini zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC. I-CCS Combo 1 (CCS1) isebenzisa umgangatho weplagi wase-US kuqhagamshelo lwayo lwe-AC, kwaye i-CCS Combo 2 (CCS2) isebenzisa isitayile se-AC se-EU. Izixhumi ze-CCS1 kunye ne-CCS2 zikhulu kwaye zinkulu kunesixhumi se-NACS. I-CHAdeMO yayiyeyona mgangatho wokuqala we-DC wokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwaye isasetyenziswa yiNissan Leaf kunye nezinye iimodeli ezimbalwa kodwa incitshiswa kakhulu ngabavelisi kunye nabaqhubi benethiwekhi yokutshaja kwe-EV. Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi, jonga iposi yethu yebhlog malunga neProtocols kunye neMigangatho yoShishino lokuTshaja kwe-EV.

Ngabaphi abavelisi be-EV abasebenzisa i-NACS?

Isenzo sikaTesla sokuvula i-NACS ukuze isetyenziswe zezinye iinkampani sinike abavelisi be-EV ukhetho lokutshintshela kwiqonga lokutshaja i-EV kunye nenethiwekhi eyaziwa ngokuthembeka nokulula ukuyisebenzisa. I-Ford yayingumvelisi wokuqala we-EV ukubhengeza ukuba, kwisivumelwano neTesla, iza kwamkela umgangatho we-NACS wee-EV zaseMntla Melika, nto leyo evumela abaqhubi bayo ukuba basebenzise inethiwekhi yeSupercharger.

Eso sibhengezo salandelwa yiGeneral Motors, iRivian, iVolvo, iPolestar kunye neMercedes-Benz. Izibhengezo zabenzi beemoto ziquka ukuxhobisa ii-EV nge-NACS charge port ukususela ngo-2025 kunye nokubonelela ngee-adapters ngo-2024 eziya kuvumela abanini bee-EV abakhoyo ukuba basebenzise inethiwekhi yeSupercharger. Abavelisi kunye neebhrendi ezisavavanya ukwamkelwa kwe-NACS ngexesha lokupapashwa ziquka iVW Group kunye neBMW Group, ngelixa abo bathatha inyathelo "lokungathethi nto" baquka iNissan, iHonda/Acura, iAston Martin, kunye neToyota/Lexus.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukwamkelwa kwe-NACS kwiinethiwekhi zokutshaja ze-EV zikawonke-wonke?

Ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yeTesla Supercharger, iinethiwekhi zokutshaja ze-EV zikawonke-wonke ezikhoyo kunye nezo zisephantsi kophuhliso zixhasa kakhulu i-CCS. Enyanisweni, iinethiwekhi zokutshaja ze-EV e-US kufuneka zixhase i-CCS ukuze umniniyo afanelekele inkxaso-mali yeziseko zophuhliso zikarhulumente, kuquka neenethiwekhi zeTesla. Nokuba uninzi lwee-EV ezintsha ezisendleleni e-US ngo-2025 zixhotyiswe ngee-ports zokutshaja ze-NACS, izigidi zee-EV ezixhotyiswe yi-CCS ziya kusetyenziswa kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo okanye nangaphezulu kwaye ziya kufuna ukufikelela ekutshajeni kwe-EV kawonke-wonke.

Oko kuthetha ukuba kangangeminyaka emininzi imigangatho ye-NACS kunye ne-CCS iya kubakho kwimarike yokutshaja ye-EV yase-US. Abanye abaqhubi benethiwekhi yokutshaja ye-EV, kuquka ne-EVgo, sele befaka inkxaso yendalo kwizihlanganisi ze-NACS. Ii-EV ze-Tesla (kunye nezithuthi ezingezizo ze-Tesla NACS) zinokusebenzisa ii-adaptha ze-Tesla ze-NACS-to-CCS1 okanye ze-Tesla ze-NACS-to-CHAdeMO ukutshaja phantse kuyo nayiphi na inethiwekhi yokutshaja ye-EV kawonke-wonke kulo lonke elase-US. Ingxaki kukuba abaqhubi kufuneka basebenzise i-app yomboneleli wokutshaja okanye ikhadi letyala ukuhlawulela iseshoni yokutshaja, nokuba umboneleli unikezela ngamava e-Autocharge.

Izivumelwano zokwamkelwa kwe-NACS yomenzi we-EV kunye neTesla ziquka ukubonelela abathengi babo ngenethiwekhi ye-Supercharger, enikwe amandla yinkxaso yenethiwekhi esemotweni. Izithuthi ezintsha ezithengiswe ngo-2024 ngabavelisi abamkela i-NACS ziya kubandakanya i-adapter ye-CCS-to-NACS ebonelelwe ngumenzi ukuze ifikelele kwinethiwekhi ye-Supercharger.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukwamkelwa kwe-NACS kukwamkelwa kwe-EV?
Ukunqongophala kweziseko zokutshaja ze-EV kube ngumqobo kwixesha elide ekusetyenzisweni kwe-EV. Ngokudityaniswa kokusetyenziswa kwe-NACS ngabavelisi be-EV abaninzi kunye nokufakwa kweTesla kwenkxaso ye-CCS kwinethiwekhi yeSupercharger, kuya kubakho iitshaja ze-EV ezikhawulezayo ezingaphezu kwe-17,000 ezibekwe ngokwesicwangciso ukuze kulungiswe ixhala lomgama kunye nokuvula indlela yokwamkelwa kwee-EV ngabathengi.

Idoko lomlingo leTesla
EMantla Melika iTesla ibisoloko isebenzisa iplagi yayo yokutshaja enomtsalane nelula ukuyisebenzisa, ebizwa ngokuba yiNorth American Charging Standard (NACS). Ngelishwa, lonke ishishini leemoto libonakala likhetha ukungasebenzisi kakhulu kwaye linamathele kwiplagi yeCombined Charging System (CCS1) enkulu.

Ukuze iiTesla Superchargers ezikhoyo zikwazi ukutshaja izithuthi ngee-CCS ports, iTesla yenze i-case entsha ye-charging plug docking ene-adaptha encinci eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ezitshixayo. Kubaqhubi beTesla, amava okutshaja akatshintshi.

Indlela Yokutshaja
Okokuqala, “kukho usetyenziso lwento yonke”, ngoko ke akumangalisi ukuba kufuneka ukhuphele usetyenziso lweTesla kwisixhobo sakho se-iOS okanye se-Android uze usete iakhawunti. (Abanini beTesla banokusebenzisa iakhawunti yabo ekhoyo ukuhlawulisa izithuthi ezingezizo ezeTesla.) Nje ukuba oko kugqityiwe, ithebhu ethi “Tshaja i-Non-Tesla yakho” kwi-app iya kubonisa imephu yeendawo zeSupercharger ezikhoyo ezixhotyiswe ngeMagic Docks. Khetha indawo yokujonga ulwazi malunga neendawo ezivulekileyo, idilesi yesiza, izinto ezikufutshane, kunye neentlawulo zokuhlawulisa.

Xa ufika kwindawo yeSupercharger, paka ngokwendawo ekuyo intambo kwaye uqalise iseshoni yokutshaja nge-app. Cofa ku-“Tshaja Apha” kwi-app, khetha inombolo yeposi efumaneka ezantsi kwesitayile seSupercharger, uze ucofe kancinci phezulu uze ukhuphe iplagi ene-adaptha eqhotyoshelweyo. I-V3 Supercharger yeTesla inokubonelela ngesantya sokutshaja esingama-250-kW kwizithuthi zeTesla, kodwa izinga lokutshaja olifumanayo lixhomekeke kubuchule be-EV yakho.