He aha te Paerewa Utu o Amerika Te Raki (Tesla NACS)?

Ko te North American Charging Standard (NACS) te ingoa i tapaina e Tesla ko tana hononga utu waka hiko (EV) me te tauranga utu i te wā i whakatuwherahia ai e ia te hoahoa me ngā whakaritenga patent mō te whakamahi a ētahi atu kaihanga EV me ngā kaiwhakahaere whatunga utu EV puta noa i te ao i te Whiringa-ā-rangi 2022. Ka tukuna e te NACS te utu AC me te DC i roto i te mono kotahi kiato, mā te whakamahi i ngā pine kotahi mō ngā mea e rua, me te tautoko i te 1MW o te mana i runga i te DC.

Kua whakamahia e Tesla tēnei hononga ki ngā waka katoa o te mākete o Amerika Te Raki mai i te tau 2012, tae atu ki ana Superchargers DC-powered me ana Hononga Taiepa Tesla Taumata 2 mō te utunga ki te kāinga me te wāhi e haere atu ana. Nā te mana o Tesla i te mākete EV o Amerika Te Raki me tana hanganga o te whatunga utunga EV DC whānui rawa atu i te US, ko te NACS te paerewa e whakamahia whānuitia ana.

He paerewa pono te NACS?

I te wā i whakaingoatia ai a NACS, ā, i whakatuwheratia ki te marea, kāore i whakapūmautia e tētahi whakahaere paerewa o mua pērā i a SAE International (SAE), i mua ko te Society of Automotive Engineers. I te marama o Hūrae 2023, i pānuitia e SAE ngā mahere ki te "whakateretere" i te paerewa o te NACS Electric Vehicle Coupler hei SAE J3400 mā te whakaputa i te paerewa i mua i te wā i whakaritea, i mua i te tau 2024. Ka aro atu ngā paerewa ki te hononga o ngā mono ki ngā teihana utu, ngā tere utu, te pono me te haumarutanga tukutuku.

He aha atu ngā paerewa utu EV e whakamahia ana i ēnei rā?

Ko J1772 te paerewa mono mō te utu EV Taumata 1, Taumata 2 rānei e whakamahia ana e te AC. Ka whakakotahi te Paerewa Utu Whakakotahi (CCS) i te hononga J1772 me te hononga titi-rua mō te utu tere DC. Ka whakamahia e te CCS Combo 1 (CCS1) te paerewa mono US mō tana hononga AC, ā, ka whakamahia e te CCS Combo 2 (CCS2) te momo mono AC a te EU. He nui ake, he matotoru ake hoki ngā hononga CCS1 me CCS2 i te hononga NACS. Ko CHAdeMO te paerewa utu tere DC taketake, ā, kei te whakamahia tonutia e te Nissan Leaf me ētahi atu tauira engari kei te whakakorea haeretia e ngā kaihanga me ngā kaiwhakahaere whatunga utu EV. Mō ētahi atu pānui, tirohia tā mātou pou rangitaki mō ngā Tikanga me ngā Paerewa o te Ahumahi Utu EV.

Ko ēhea ngā kaihanga waka hiko e whakamahi ana i te NACS?

Nā te nekehanga a Tesla ki te whakatuwhera i te NACS hei whakamahi mā ētahi atu kamupene, i tukuna ki ngā kaihanga EV te kōwhiringa ki te huri ki tētahi tūāpapa utu EV me te whatunga e mōhiotia ana mō te pono me te ngāwari o te whakamahi. Ko Ford te kaihanga EV tuatahi ki te kī, i roto i tētahi whakaaetanga me Tesla, ka tangohia e rātou te paerewa NACS mō ngā EV o Amerika Te Raki, ka taea ai e āna taraiwa te whakamahi i te whatunga Supercharger.

I whai mai a General Motors, Rivian, Volvo, Polestar me Mercedes-Benz i taua panuitanga. Ko ētahi o ngā panuitanga a ngā kaihanga waka ko te whakauru i ngā EV ki te tauranga utu NACS mai i te tau 2025 me te whakarato i ngā urutau i te tau 2024 ka taea ai e ngā kaipupuri EV o nāianei te whakamahi i te whatunga Supercharger. Ko ngā kaihanga me ngā waitohu kei te arotake tonu i te whakaurunga o te NACS i te wā i whakaputaina ai ko VW Group me BMW Group, ko te hunga i tango i te tūnga "kāore he kōrero" ko Nissan, Honda/Acura, Aston Martin, me Toyota/Lexus.

He aha te tikanga o te whakamahi i te NACS mō ngā whatunga utu EV tūmatanui?

I waho atu i te whatunga Tesla Supercharger, ko ngā whatunga utu EV tūmatanui o nāianei me ērā kei te whakawhanakehia e tautoko ana i te CCS. Inaa, me tautoko ngā whatunga utu EV i te US i te CCS kia tika ai te rangatira mō te putea hanganga ā-motu, tae atu ki ngā whatunga Tesla. Ahakoa he maha ngā EV hou kei runga i te rori i te US i te tau 2025 he tauranga utu NACS, ka whakamahia pea ngā miriona EV kua whakauruhia ki te CCS mō te tekau tau e whai ake nei, ā, me uru atu ki te utu EV tūmatanui.

Ko te tikanga, mō ngā tau maha ka noho tahi ngā paerewa NACS me CCS i roto i te mākete utu EV o Amerika. Kei te whakauru kē ētahi kaiwhakahaere whatunga utu EV, tae atu ki a EVgo, i te tautoko taketake mō ngā hononga NACS. Ka taea e ngā EV Tesla (me ngā waka kāore i te Tesla e mau ana i te NACS) te whakamahi i ngā urutau NACS-ki-CCS1 a Tesla, i ngā urutau NACS-ki-CHAdeMO rānei a Tesla hei utu i te nuinga o ngā whatunga utu EV tūmatanui puta noa i Amerika. Ko te ngoikoretanga, me whakamahi ngā taraiwa i te taupānga a te kaiwhakarato utu, i tētahi kāri nama rānei hei utu mō te wā utu, ahakoa he wheako Autocharge tā te kaiwhakarato.

Kei roto i ngā whakaaetanga tango NACS a te kaihanga EV me Tesla te whakarato urunga ki te whatunga Supercharger mō ā rātou kiritaki EV, mā te tautoko i roto i te waka mō te whatunga. Ka uru atu ki ngā waka hou i hokona i te tau 2024 e ngā kaihanga tango NACS he urutau CCS-ki-NACS i whakaratohia e te kaihanga mō te urunga ki te whatunga Supercharger.

He aha te tikanga o te tango NACS mō te tango EV?
Kua roa te korenga o ngā hanganga utu EV e ārai ana i te whakaurunga o ngā EV. Mā te whakakotahitanga o te whakaurunga NACS e te maha atu o ngā kaihanga EV me te whakaurunga o te tautoko CCS a Tesla ki te whatunga Supercharger, neke atu i te 17,000 ngā utu EV tere-rahi kua whakanohoia ki te rautaki ka wātea hei whakatau i te manukanuka tawhiti me te whakatuwhera i te huarahi ki te whakaae a te kaihoko ki ngā EV.

Tauranga Makutu Tesla
I Amerika Te Raki, kua whakamahia e Tesla tana mono utu motuhake, he huatau, he ngāwari hoki te whakamahi, e kiia nei ko te North American Charging Standard (NACS). Engari, ko te toenga o te umanga motuka e pai ake ana ki te whakamahi i tētahi wheako ngāwari ki te whakamahi, ā, ka piri ki te mono Combined Charging System (CCS1) matotoru.

Hei whakahohe i ngā Tesla Superchargers o nāianei ki te utu i ngā waka he tauranga CCS, i whakawhanakehia e Tesla tētahi pouaka mono utu hou me tētahi urutau NACS-CCS1 iti kua hangaia ki roto, ka taea te raka-ake. Mō ngā taraiwa Tesla, kāore anō kia rerekē te wheako utu.

Me pēhea te utu
Tuatahi, "he taupānga mō ngā mea katoa", nō reira, ehara i te mea miharo me tango e koe te taupānga Tesla i runga i tō pūrere iOS, Android rānei, ka whakatū i tētahi pūkete. (Ka taea e ngā kaipupuri Tesla te whakamahi i tā rātou pūkete o nāianei hei utu i ngā waka ehara i te Tesla.) Kia oti tēnā, ka whakaatuhia e te ripa "Utuhia tō Ehara i te Tesla" i roto i te taupānga he mapi o ngā wāhi Supercharger e wātea ana me ngā Magic Docks. Tīpakohia he wāhi hei tiro i ngā mōhiohio mō ngā tūru e tuwhera ana, te wāhitau o te wāhi, ngā ratonga tata, me ngā utu utu.

Kia tae koe ki te wāhi Supercharger, tū te waka i runga i te taunga o te taura, ka tīmata te utu mā te taupānga. Pāwhiritia te "Charge Here" i roto i te taupānga, whiriwhiria te tau pou kei raro i te tūnga Supercharger, ka pēhi mārire ki runga, ka unuhia te mono me te urutau e piri ana. Ka taea e te V3 Supercharger a Tesla te whakarato i te tere utu tae atu ki te 250-kW mō ngā waka Tesla, engari ko te tere utu ka riro i a koe ka whakawhirinaki ki te kaha o tō EV.