Chojambulira cha EV Chonyamulika
Bokosi la Wallbox la EV la Pakhomo
Siteshoni Yogulitsira ya DC
Malo Ogulitsira a BESS
V2G V2H V2V V2L
Gawo Lolipiritsa la EV
Cholumikizira Chochapira cha DC
Zipangizo za EV
Pamene makampani oyendetsa magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi akupita patsogolo ku mphamvu zochepa za mpweya ndi magetsi, kufunikira kwa mphamvu zambiri zochapira zida zazikulu monga magalimoto onyamula katundu wolemera, zombo, ndege, ndi makina aukadaulo kukukulirakulira. Dongosolo Lochapira la Megawatt (MCS), lomwe limatha kutchapira mpaka 3.75 MW, lakhala njira yofunika kwambiri yoyendetsera magetsi m'magawo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. MCS sikuti ingafupikitse nthawi yochapira yokha, komanso kukwaniritsa zosowa za zochitika zogwira ntchito molimbika komanso pafupipafupi, zomwe ndi chithandizo chofunikira pakukwaniritsa kusintha kwa mphamvu zobiriwira.
Mphamvu ya batire ya magalimoto akuluakulu nthawi zambiri imakhala yochulukirapo kuposa ya magalimoto okwera anthu, ndipo njira zachikhalidwe zolipirira ndizovuta kukwaniritsa mphamvu yofulumira yobwezeretsanso zida zazikulu zamakanika. Chifukwa chake, poyerekeza ndi kuyika kwa DC kwa CCS standard ku Europe, mphamvu yake yolipirira ikufunika kuwonjezeredwa ndi nthawi 10-15 (onani Chithunzi 1). Pakadali pano MCS ikhoza kuyika mabatire agalimoto olemera mpaka 80% SOC mu mphindi 45 powonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imafuna mphamvu yayikulu ya 3.75 MW ndipo ikugwirizananso ndi nthawi yopumula yovomerezeka yoyendetsa galimoto mtunda wautali.
Poyerekeza ndi miyezo ya GB/T, CHAdeMO, CCS, ndi NACS, MCS imapeza kuchepetsa nthawi yochaja ya 4.2 mpaka 15. Pamlingo waukadaulo, MCS imachokera ku CCS, koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi m'mbali zina:
Chiyankhulo cholipiritsa ndi kulumikizana kotsika
Mawonekedwe a MCS omwe afotokozedwa ndi IEC TS 63379 amatha kutumiza mphamvu yamagetsi mpaka 3000A ndikuthandizira magetsi a 1250V, ndipo kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi kofunikira kumafunika pazochitika zamphamvu kwambiri.
Muyezo wolumikizirana wa MCS wotsika ndi IEC 61851-23-3 (ukuyembekezeka kutulutsidwa mu 2026). Kulamulira pini yoyendetsera mu MCS kumatchedwa Charge Enable (CE), yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi a 5V DC ndipo palibe PWM. Mofanana ndi pini ya PP mu CCS, MCS imagwiritsa ntchito 5V DC pozindikira (ID), yomwe ingaperekenso magetsi a 12/24V pazida zamagetsi zothandizira.
1. Kulankhulana kwapamwamba: Kulankhulana kwa 10BASE-T1S kwa mfundo zambiri
Kulankhulana kwapamwamba kumachokera pa ISO 15118-20, ndipo kusintha kwake 1 (ISO 15118-20 Amd-1) kumabweretsa ma ID ena owonjezera a MCS. Kapangidwe ka kulumikizanako ndi kofanana ndi CCS, pogwiritsa ntchito TLS, TCP/IP, Ethernet, koma gawo lakuthupi limagwiritsa ntchito 10BASE-T1S yomwe yatchulidwa mu ISO 15118-10. 10BASE-T1S ndi Ethernet imodzi yopotoka, yokhala ndi bandwidth ya 10Mbps theka la duplex, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito differential Manchester coding (DME) kutengera IEEE 802.3cg specification. Kulankhulana kwapamwamba kwa MCS sikufuna kulumikizana kwamagetsi (PLC), komanso sikufuna njira ya SLAC (signal level attenuation characteristic) kuti izindikire momwe kulumikizana kulili.
2. Njira yolumikizirana ya PLCA
Mosiyana ndi kulumikizana kwa mfundo ndi mfundo kwa Ethernet yokhazikika, 10BASE-T1 imathandizira kulumikizana kwa mfundo zambiri ndi njira yopewera ngozi ya Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA). Zida zake za EVSE zimagwira ntchito ngati coordinator, kupatsa node ID 0 ndi galimoto yamagetsi ya EV ID 1 (Drop Node 1). Malinga ndi ISO 15118-10, basi yolumikizirana imatha kuthandizira ma node owonjezera 6 (Drop Nodes), monga kutumiza deta ya sensor, mphamvu yamagetsi, kutentha, ndi zina zambiri za pulagi ndi socket. PLCA ikhoza kupititsa patsogolo njira yolumikizirana, kukonza magwiridwe antchito a kutumiza deta pakati pa ma node angapo, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana ndi chitetezo cha chidziwitso mu ulalo uliwonse wa njira yolipirira.
Kupanga ndi kuyesa MCS
Ngakhale kuti kukhazikitsa MCS sikunamalizidwebe, kupanga njira zolipirira magalimoto opanga magalimoto ndi zomangamanga kwayamba kale. Kuyeserera koyambirira ndi kuyesa kungathandize kupewa zolakwika pakupanga, kuchepetsa nthawi yokonza, komanso kuchepetsa ndalama.
Njira yoyesera ya MCS yopangidwa ndi Vector ikuphatikiza kuyesa kwa EVCC/SEC desktop level functional and communication development, kuyesa kogwirizana ndi kuyanjana, kuyesa mphamvu ya magwiridwe antchito a megawatt level, ndi kusonkhanitsa ndi kusanthula deta ya EV/EVSE real vehicle and mule data, kukwaniritsa zochitika za mainjiniya osiyanasiyana (Chithunzi 4).
Pulogalamu yowunikira, kuyerekezera, ndi kuyesa ya EV/EVSE yomwe imakwaniritsa ndondomeko za MCS/CCS/OCPP/GBT/CHAdeMO m'madera osiyanasiyana.
Ndi gawo lolumikizana lotetezeka lomwe lili mu pulogalamuyo, lothandizira kubisa kwa TLS 1.2/1.3, ma tempuleti a satifiketi yachitetezo cha PnC, komanso lothandizira kutsimikizika kwa mizu yodalirika ya Subject.
Bolodi yatsopano yochapira yanzeru imapereka chitsanzo cha CCS (PLC)/MCS chowongolera hardware, komanso imathandizira chitsanzo cha cholakwika cha physical layer.
Khadi lolumikizirana limathandizira 10BASE-T1S, zomwe zimathandiza kulumikizana kwapamwamba kwa MCS ndi kulumikizana kwa MultiDrop multi-point.
Benchi yoyesera yokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yochapira ya 3.84MW ndi 1500V ingaperekedwe, yomwe imaphatikizapo gawo lalikulu lowongolera la 180kW ndi ma racks ena amphamvu kuti akule.
Perekani laibulale yovomerezeka ya mayeso a ISO 15118 komanso malo opezera ma code (vTESTstudio), zomwe zimathandiza oyesa kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso opitilira muyezo.
Monga ukadaulo waukulu wamagetsi oyendera katundu wolemera, kukhazikika kwa MCS, kudalirika, komanso kusinthasintha kudzakhudza mwachindunji njira yopititsira patsogolo makampani. Mtsogolomu, ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwa miyezo ndikusintha zida zoyesera, MCS ikuyembekezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo amakina oyendera, madoko, ndege, ndi uinjiniya.
Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera zopangira, kuyerekezera, ndi kuyesa, zovuta ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike pa dongosololi zitha kuthetsedwa. Dongosolo loperekedwa ndi Vector lili ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso kuthekera kokulirapo, kuphatikiza kuyesa magwiridwe antchito pamphamvu yayikulu yolipirira yomwe yatchulidwa ndi MCS, pomwe zida zogwiritsira ntchito zimaphimba bwino miyezo ina yolipirira, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za mapulojekiti osiyanasiyana. Vector imatenga nawo mbali m'makomiti oyenerera okhazikitsa miyezo ndipo imasintha mwachangu mayankho kuti agwirizane ndi njira yaposachedwa yokhazikitsira miyezo ya MCS.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-21-2026
