Ishaja ya EV igendanwa
Agasanduku k'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu rugo
Sitasiyo ya DC yo gushyushya amashanyarazi
Sitasiyo yo Gucanira BESS
V2G V2H V2V V2L
Module yo gusharija amashanyarazi
Umuyoboro wo Gutanga Chaji wa DC
Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi
Kubera ko inganda zitwara abantu ku isi zigenda zigana ku gukoresha ingufu nke za karuboni n'amashanyarazi, gukenera ingufu nyinshi cyane zo gushyushya ibikoresho binini nk'imodoka zitwara abantu, amato, indege, n'imashini z'ubuhanga biri kugenda byiyongera. Sisitemu yo gushyushya ya Megawatt (MCS), ifite ingufu zigera kuri 3.75 MW, yabaye ikoranabuhanga rikomeye rituma habaho amashanyarazi muri izi nzego zavuzwe haruguru. MCS ntishobora gusa kugabanya igihe cyo gushyushya, ahubwo inashobora guhaza ibyifuzo by'imikorere ikomeye kandi ikora inshuro nyinshi, ikaba ari inkunga ikomeye mu kugera ku mpinduka mu ngufu zitagira ibidukikije.
Ubushobozi bwa batiri y'imodoka nini akenshi buruta ubwa batiri y'imodoka zitwara abagenzi, kandi uburyo gakondo bwo gusharija bugoye kugira ngo buhuze ingufu zihuse zo kongeramo ibikoresho binini bya mekanike. Kubwibyo, ugereranije n'uburyo bwo gusharija bwa DC busanzwe bwa CCS mu Burayi, ingufu zayo zo gusharija zigomba kongerwaho inshuro 10-15 (reba Ishusho ya 1). MCS ubu ishobora gusharija batiri z'imodoka zikomeye kugeza kuri 80% SOC mu minota 45 ikongera ingufu zo gusharija n'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, bisaba imbaraga ntarengwa za MW 3.75 kandi bihuye n'igihe giteganywa n'amategeko cyo kuruhuka ku modoka ikora urugendo rurerure.
Ugereranyije n'amahame ya GB/T, CHAdeMO, CCS, na NACS, MCS igabanya igihe cyo gushyushya inshuro 4.2 kugeza kuri 15. Ku rwego rwa tekiniki, MCS ikomoka kuri CCS, ariko hari itandukaniro rinini hagati yayo mu ngingo zimwe na zimwe:
Uburyo bwo gusharija hamwe n'itumanaho ryo ku rwego rwo hasi
Uburyo bwa MCS bugenwa na IEC TS 63379 bushobora kohereza umuriro wa 3000A no gushyigikira voltage ya 1250V, hamwe no gukonjesha amazi ku ngufu nyinshi.
Igipimo cy’itumanaho cyo hasi cya MCS ni IEC 61851-23-3 (biteganijwe ko kizasohoka mu 2026). Kugenzura pin y’icyitegererezo muri MCS byitwa Charge Enable (CE), ikoresha voltage ya 5V DC kandi nta PWM ikoresha. Kimwe na pin ya PP muri CCS, MCS ikoresha 5V DC mu gupima insertion (ID), ishobora no gutanga amashanyarazi ya 12/24V ku bikoresho by’amashanyarazi by’inyongera.
1. Itumanaho ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru: Itumanaho rya 10BASE-T1S Multipoints
Itumanaho ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru rishingiye kuri ISO 15118-20, kandi ivugurura ryaryo rya 1 (ISO 15118-20 Amd-1) rishyiraho izindi ID za serivisi za MCS. Imiterere y'itumanaho isa na CCS, ikoresha TLS, TCP / IP, Ethernet, ariko urwego rw'umubiri rukoresha 10BASE-T1S yavuzwe muri ISO 15118-10. 10BASE-T1S ni Ethernet imwe ihindagurika, ifite umurambararo wa 10Mbps half duplex, kandi ikoresha differential Manchester coding (DME) ishingiye kuri IEEE 802.3cg specification. Itumanaho ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru rya MCS ntirisaba itumanaho ry'amashanyarazi (PLC), kandi ntirisaba SLAC (signal level attenuation characteristic) kugira ngo harebwe uko itumanaho rihagaze.
2. Uburyo bwo gutumanaho bwa PLCA
Bitandukanye n'itumanaho risanzwe rya Ethernet, 10BASE-T1 ishyigikira uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu byinshi hamwe n'uburyo bwo kwirinda gukubitana kw'ibanga (PLCA). Ibikorwa remezo byayo bya EVSE bikorera nk'umuhuza, bigaha node ID 0 na EV electric vehicle ID 1 (Drop Node 1). Dukurikije ISO 15118-10, bisi y'itumanaho ishobora gushyigikira node zigera kuri 6 z'inyongera (Drop Nodes), nko kohereza amakuru ya sensor, umuriro, ubushyuhe, n'andi makuru ya plug na socket. PLCA ishobora kunoza uburyo bwo gutumanaho, kunoza imikorere y'itumanaho hagati ya node nyinshi, no kwemeza ko amakuru ahuzwa kandi arangwa n'umutekano muri buri sano ry'uburyo bwo gusharija.
Guteza imbere no gupima MCS
Nubwo gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwa MCS bitararangira, iterambere rya sisitemu zo gusharija ku bakora imodoka n'ibikorwa remezo ryaratangiye. Gupima no gupima hakiri kare bishobora gufasha gukumira amakosa yo mu gishushanyo, kugabanya igihe cyo gukosora no kugabanya ikiguzi.
Igisubizo cyo gupima MCS simulation cyakozwe na Vector gikubiyemo isuzuma ry’imikorere n’iterambere ry’itumanaho ku rwego rwa EVCC/SEC, isuzuma ry’imikorere n’imikoranire, isuzuma ry’imbaraga z’imikorere ku rwego rwa megawatt, n’ikusanya n’isesengura ry’amakuru y’imodoka nyayo na EVSE, bihuye n’ikoreshwa ry’abahanga mu ngeri zitandukanye (Ishusho ya 4).
Porogaramu ya EV/EVSE isesengura, isuzuma, kandi igerageza ikurikiza amabwiriza ya MCS/CCS/OCPP/GBT/CHAdeMO mu turere dutandukanye.
Ni module y'itumanaho ryizewe iri muri porogaramu, ishyigikira uburyo bwo gusimbuza TLS 1.2/1.3, ibishushanyo mbonera by'impamyabumenyi y'umutekano ya PnC, hamwe n'uburyo bwo kwemeza interconnect y'ibanze y'ingingo.
Ikibaho gishya cyo kwishyuza gifite ubwenge gitanga uburyo bwo kwigana uruziga rwa CCS (PLC) / MCS, kandi gishyigikira uburyo bwo kwigana amakosa y’urwego rw’umubiri.
Ikarita y'itumanaho ishyigikira 10BASE-T1S, ituma itumanaho ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru rya MCS rishobora kuba rigezweho ndetse n'itumanaho rya MultiDrop rishobora kuba rinini.
Hari intebe yo gupima ifite imbaraga ntarengwa zo gusharija 3.84MW na 1500V, irimo module y’ibanze ya 180kW hamwe n’inyongera z’amashanyarazi zo kwagura.
Tanga isomero risanzwe rya ISO 15118 ry’ibipimo n’ahantu hashingiye ku mibare (vTESTstudio), rituma abapima bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa vuba uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibintu bitandukanye.
Nk'ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi mu bijyanye no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu buryo buhanitse, gushyiraho uburyo buhamye, kwizerwa, no koroshya imikorere ya MCS bizagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku iterambere ry'inganda. Mu gihe kizaza, hamwe no kunoza amahame no kuvugurura ibikoresho byo gupima, MCS yitezweho gukoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye n'ibicuruzwa, ibyambu, iby'indege, n'imashini z'ubuhanga.
Hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bikwiye byo guteza imbere, gupima, no gupima, ingorane zishobora guterwa na sisitemu zishobora gukemurwa. Sisitemu itangwa na Vector ifite ubushobozi bwo koroshya no kwaguka cyane, harimo no gupima imikorere ku ngufu ntarengwa zo gushyushya zagenwe na MCS, mu gihe uruhererekane rw'ibikoresho rutwikira neza izindi ngamba zo gushyushya, rurushaho gupima ibyo imishinga itandukanye ikeneye. Vector kandi yitabira komite zibishinzwe zo gupima kandi agahindura vuba ibisubizo kugira ngo bihuze n'uburyo bugezweho bwo gupima MCS.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 21 Nzeri 2026
