Ko Tesla NACS ichabatanidza nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzekuNorth America here?

Ko Tesla ichabatanidza nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeNorth America here?

Mumazuva mashoma chete, mitemo yekuchaja yeNorth America yave kuda kuchinja.
Musi wa23 Chivabvu 2023, Ford yakangoerekana yazivisa kuti yaizosvika zvizere kunzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeTesla uye ichatanga yatumira maadapter ekubatanidza kune Tesla charging connectors kune varidzi veFord varipo kutanga gore rinouya, uye mune ramangwana. Mota dzemagetsi dzeFord dzichashandisa zvakananga interface yekuchaja yeTesla, izvo zvinobvisa kudiwa kwemaadapter uye zvinogona kushandisa zvakananga network dzese dzekuchaja dzeTesla muUnited States yese.

Mavhiki maviri gare gare, musi wa8 Chikumi, 2023, CEO weGeneral Motors Barra naMusk vakazivisa pamusangano weTwitter Spaces kuti General Motors yaizotora mwero waTesla, mwero weNACS (Tesla inodana chinobatanidza chayo chekuchaja North American Charging Standard (NACS muchidimbu), zvakafanana neFord, GM yakaisawo shanduko yeiyi chinobatanidza chekuchaja mumatanho maviri. Kutanga pakutanga kwa2024, maadapter achapihwa kune varidzi vemotokari dzemagetsi dzeGM dziripo, uye kutanga muna 2025, mota itsva dzemagetsi dzeGM dzichange dzakashongedzwa ne NACS charging interfaces zvakananga pamotokari.

Izvi zvinogona kutaurwa kuti idambudziko guru kune mamwe mastandard ekugadzirisa mota (kunyanya CCS) ave ari mumusika wekuNorth America. Kunyangwe makambani matatu chete emotokari, Tesla, Ford naGeneral Motors, akabatana neNACS interface standard, tichitarisa huwandu hwekutengesa mota dzemagetsi uye musika wekugadzirisa mota muUnited States muna 2022, vanhu vashoma ndivo vari mumusika mukuru: izvi 3 Kutengeswa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kwemakambani aya kunodarika 60% yekutengesa mota dzemagetsi muUS, uye kuchaja nekukurumidza kweNACS kwaTesla kunodarika 60% yemusika wekuUS.

2. Kurwisana kwenyika yose pamusoro penzvimbo dzekuchaja
Pamusoro pekuganhurirwa kwekufamba kwenguva refu, nyore uye kumhanya kwekuchaja zvinokanganisawo kufarirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi. Uyezve, pamusoro pehunyanzvi hwacho, kusawirirana kwemitemo yekuchaja pakati penyika nenzvimbo kunoitawo kuti kukura kweindasitiri yekuchaja kunonoke uye kudhure.
Parizvino kune mitemo mishanu mikuru yekuchaja pasi rose: CCS1 (CCS=Combined Charging System) kuNorth America, CCS2 kuEurope, GB/T kuChina, CHAdeMO kuJapan, uye NACS yakatsaurirwa kuTesla.

Pakati pavo, Tesla chete ndiyo yagara ichibatanidza AC neDC, nepo dzimwe dziine nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuchaja dzeAC (AC) uye nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeDC (DC).
MuNorth America, mitemo yekuchaja yeCCS1 neNACS yaTesla ndiyo inonyanya kukosha. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, pakanga paine makwikwi makuru pakati peCCS1 nemutemo weCHAdeMO wekuJapan. Zvisinei, nekuparara kwemakambani ekuJapan panzira yemagetsi yakachena mumakore achangopfuura, kunyanya kudzikira kweNissan Leaf, iyo yaimbova shasha yekutengesa magetsi yakachena muNorth America, mamodheru anotevera akaita kuti Ariya ichinje kuenda kuCCS1, uye CHAdeMO yakakundwa muNorth America.
Makambani makuru akati wandei emotokari muEurope akasarudza CCS2 standard. China ine standard yayo yekuchaja yeGB/T (pari zvino iri kusimudzira standard inotevera yekuchaja yechizvarwa chinotevera yeChaoJi), nepo Japan ichiri kushandisa CHAdeMO.
Mutemo weCCS unobva pamutemo weDC fast combined charging system combo standard zvichibva pamutemo weSAE weSociety of Automotive Engineers uye mutemo weACEA weEuropean Automotive Industry Association. "Fast Charging Association" yakagadzwa zviri pamutemo pamusangano we26th World Electric Vehicle Conference muLos Angeles, USA muna 2012. Mugore rimwe chetero, makambani makuru masere emotokari ekuAmerica neGermany anosanganisira Ford, General Motors, Volkswagen, Audi, BMW, Daimler, Porsche naChrysler akagadzira mutemo we "electrical vehicle fast charging standard" wakaburitsa chirevo uye gare gare wakazivisa kukwidziridzwa kwemutemo weCCS pamwe chete. Wakazivikanwa nekukurumidza nemasangano eindasitiri yemotokari ekuAmerica neGermany.
Zvichienzaniswa neCCS1, zvakanakira zveNACS yaTesla ndeizvi: (1) yakareruka kwazvo, plug diki inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchaja zvishoma nezvishoma uye kuchaja nekukurumidza, nepo CCS1 neCHAdeMO zvakakura kwazvo; (2) mota dzese dzeNACS dzese dzinotsigira data protocol yekubata plug-and-play billing. Chero ani zvake anotyaira mota yemagetsi mumugwagwa mukuru anofanira kuziva izvi. Kuti uchaja, ungangoda kudhawunirodha maapplication akati wandei wobva waskena QR code kuti ubhadhare. Zvakaoma zvikuru. Hazvina kunaka. Kana uchikwanisa plug nekutamba uye kubhadharisa, ruzivo ruchava nani zvikuru. Basa iri parizvino rinotsigirwa nemamwe maCCS models. (3) Kurongeka kukuru kwenetwork yekuchaja yeTesla kunoita kuti varidzi vemotokari vave nyore kushandisa mota dzavo. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti kana tichienzanisa nedzimwe CCS1 charging piles, kuvimbika kweTesla charging piles kwakakwira uye ruzivo rwuri nani. zvakanaka.

Kuenzanisa kweTesla NACS charging standard uye CCS1 charging standard
Uyu ndiwo musiyano wekuchaja nekukurumidza. Kune vashandisi vekuNorth America vanoda kuchaja zvishoma nezvishoma, muyero wekuchaja weJ1772 unoshandiswa. MaTesla ese ane adapta iri nyore inovabvumira kushandisa J1772. Varidzi veTesla vanowanzoisa machaja eNACS kumba, ayo akachipa.
Kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, dzakadai semahotera, Tesla ichagovera maNACS slow chargers kumahotera; kana Tesla NACS ikava standard, ipapo J1772 iripo ichave neadapter yekushandura kuita NACS.
3. Standard VS vashandisi vazhinji
Kusiyana neChina, iyo ine zvinodiwa zvenyika zvakabatanidza, kunyangwe CCS1 iriyo chiyero chekuchaja muNorth America, nekuda kwekuvakwa kwekutanga uye huwandu hwakawanda hwema network ekuchaja eTesla, izvi zvakagadzira mamiriro ezvinhu anonakidza muNorth America, ndiko kuti: akawanda Chiyero cheCCS1 chinotsigirwa nemabhizinesi (anenge makambani ese kunze kweTesla) ishoma; pachinzvimbo chechimiro cheTesla chekuchaja, chinoshandiswa nevazhinji vashandisi.
Dambudziko rekusimudzirwa kweTesla's charger interface nderekuti haisi standard inoburitswa kana kuzivikanwa nechero sangano re standards, nekuti kuti ive standard, inofanirwa kutevedzera maitiro akakodzera esangano re standards development. Ingori mhinduro yeTesla pachayo, uye inonyanya kuNorth America (uye mimwe misika yakaita seJapan neSouth Korea).
Pakutanga, Tesla yakazivisa kuti yaizopa marezenisi emapatent ayo "mahara" asi ine zvimwe zvinodiwa, chipo icho vashoma vakabvuma. Zvino sezvo Tesla yavhura tekinoroji yayo yekuchaja uye zvigadzirwa, vanhu vanogona kuishandisa vasina mvumo yekambani. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemusika wekuNorth America, mutengo wekuvaka weTesla wekuvaka pile/station inongova 1/5 yemutengo, izvo zvinoita kuti ive nemutengo wakakwira pakushambadzira. Panguva imwe chete, Chikumi 9, 2023, ndiko kuti, mushure mekunge Ford neGeneral Motors vabatana neTesla NACS, White House yakaburitsa nhau dzekuti NACS yeTesla inogonawo kugamuchira rubatsiro rwekubhadhara pile kubva kuhurumende yaBiden. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, Tesla yakanga isingakodzeri.
Danho iri remakambani ekuAmerica nehurumende rinoita serinoisa makambani ekuEurope panzvimbo imwe chete. Kana mwero weTesla weNACS ukagona kubatanidza musika wekuNorth America, mwero wepasi rose wekubhadhara uchaumba mamiriro matsva matatu: GB/T yeChina, CCS2 yeEurope, uye Tesla NACS.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Nissan yakazivisa chibvumirano neTesla chekushandisa North American Charging Standard (NACS) kutanga muna 2025, nechinangwa chekupa varidzi veNissan dzimwe nzira dzekuchaja mota dzavo dzemagetsi. Mumwedzi miviri chete, vagadziri vemotokari vanomwe, vanosanganisira Volkswagen, Ford, General Motors, Rivian, Volvo, Polestar, neMercedes-Benz, vakazivisa zvibvumirano zvekuchaja neTesla. Pamusoro pezvo, mukati mezuva rimwe chete, vashandi vana vekuchaja vekunze kwenyika nevanopa masevhisi vakazivisa panguva imwe chete kushandiswa kwechiyero cheTesla NACS. $New Energy Vehicle Leading ETF(SZ159637)$

Tesla ine mukana wekubatanidza mitemo yekuchaja mumisika yeEurope neAmerica.

Parizvino kune maseti mana emitemo yekuchaja pamusika, anoti: standard yeJapan CHAdeMo, standard yeChinese GB/T, standard yeEuropean neAmerican CCS1/2, uye standard yaTesla's NACS. Kungofanana nemhepo inosiyana kubva pamakiromita kuenda pamakiromita uye tsika dzichisiyana kubva pamakiromita kuenda pamakiromita, mitemo yakasiyana yekuchaja ndeimwe ye "zvipingamupinyi" pakuwedzera kwemotokari itsva dzemagetsi pasi rose.

Sezvatinoziva tese, dhora rekuAmerica ndiro mari inonyanya kushandiswa pasi rose, saka "yakaoma" zvikuru. Tichifunga izvi, Musk akaunganidzawo mutambo mukuru mukuyedza kutonga mwero wepasi rose wekuchaja. Pakupera kwa2022, Tesla yakazivisa kuti yaizovhura mwero weNACS, yoburitsa patent yayo yekugadzira chinobatanidza chekuchaja, uye yokoka mamwe makambani emota kuti ashandise nzira yekuchaja yeNACS mumota dzakagadzirwa nevanhu vakawanda. Tesla yakazivisa kuvhurwa kwenetwork yekuchaja. Tesla ine network inotungamira yekuchaja nekukurumidza muUnited States, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzinosvika chiuru nemazana matanhatu dzesupercharging uye anopfuura zviuru gumi nenomwe zvesupercharging. Kupinda network yesupercharging yeTesla kunogona kuchengetedza mari yakawanda mukuvaka network yekuchaja yakazvivakira. Pari zvino, Tesla yakavhura network yayo yekuchaja kune mamwe marudzi emota munyika gumi nesere nenzvimbo.

Ehe, Musk haazoregi China, musika mukuru wemotokari itsva dzemagetsi pasi rose. Muna Kubvumbi gore rino, Tesla yakazivisa kuvhurwa kwenetwork yekuchaja muChina. Kuvhurwa kwekutanga kwenzvimbo gumi dzekuchaja zvakanyanya ndekwemhando 37 dzisiri dzeTesla, dzichifukidza mhando dzakawanda dzakakurumbira pasi pemhando dzakadai seBYD ne "Wei Xiaoli". Mune ramangwana, network yekuchaja yeTesla ichaiswa munzvimbo yakakura uye huwandu hwemasevhisi emhando dzakasiyana nemamodheru hucharamba huchiwedzerwa.

Muhafu yekutanga yegore rino, nyika yangu yakatumira kunze kwenyika mota itsva dzinosvika 534,000, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe1.6, zvichiita kuti ive nyika yekutanga pasi rose maererano nekutengesa kunze kwenyika mota itsva dzemagetsi. Mumusika weChina, mitemo yemagetsi matsva yemuno yakagadzirwa kare uye indasitiri yakagadzirwa kare. Muyero wenyika weGB/T 2015 wekuchaja wakabatanidzwa sewero. Zvisinei, kusawirirana kweinterface yekuchaja kuchiri kuonekwa pamotokari dzakawanda dzinobva kunze kwenyika nedzinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Kwaiva nemishumo yekutanga yekuti haienderane neinterface yenyika yekuchaja. Varidzi vemotokari vanogona kungochaja pamapiles ekuchaja chaiwo. Kana vachida kushandisa mapiles ekuchaja emunyika, vanoda adapta yakakosha. (Mupepeti haana kukwanisa kurega kufunga nezvemimwe midziyo inotengeswa kunze kwenyika yaishandiswa kumba pandaiva mwana. Kwaivawo neconverter pasocket. Shanduro dzekuEurope neAmerica dzaive dzisina kunaka. Kana ndikakanganwa rimwe zuva, circuit breaker inogona kugumburwa.

Pamusoro pezvo, mitemo yekuchaja yeChina yakagadzirwa kare kare (zvichida nekuti hapana aitarisira kuti mota itsva dzemagetsi dzingakurumidza kukura), simba rekuchaja renyika rakaiswa padanho rekuchengetedza - voltage yepamusoro i950v, iyo current yepamusoro i250A, izvo zvinoita kuti simba rayo repamusoro rive pasi pe250kW. Kusiyana neizvi, standard yeNACS inotongwa neTesla mumusika weNorth America haina kungova neplug diki yekuchaja chete, asiwo inobatanidza DC/AC yekuchaja, nekumhanya kwekuchaja kunosvika 350kW.

Zvisinei, semutungamiri mukuru mumotokari itsva dzemagetsi, kuitira kuti mitemo yeChina "iende pasi rose", China, Japan neGermany vakabatana kugadzira chiyero chitsva chekuchaja "ChaoJi". Muna 2020, CHAdeMO yekuJapan yakaburitsa chiyero cheCHAdeMO3.0 ndokuzivisa kushandiswa kweChaoJi interface. Pamusoro pezvo, IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) yakashandisawo mhinduro yeChaoJi.

Zvichienderana nemafambiro ari kuita zvinhu pari zvino, ChaoJi interface neTesla NACS interface zvinogona kusangana nematambudziko mune ramangwana, uye imwe chete yadzo inogona kuzopedzisira yava "Type-C interface" mumunda wemotokari itsva dzemagetsi. Zvisinei, sezvo makambani akawanda emotokari achisarudza nzira yekuti "join kana usingakwanise kukunda", kufarirwa kwazvino kweTesla's NACS interface kwapfuura zvakanyanya zvaitarisirwa nevanhu. Pamwe hapana nguva yakawanda yasara yeChaoJi?