Iyini i-NACS Connector ye-Tesla Supercharging Station?

Iyini i-NACS Connector ye-Tesla Supercharging Station?

NgoJuni 2023, iFord kanye neGM bamemezele ukuthi bazoshintsha kusuka ku-Combined Charging System (CCS) baye ku-Tesla's North American Charging Standard (NACS) connectors ukuze basebenzise ama-EV abo esikhathi esizayo. Kungakapheli nenyanga iMercedes-Benz, iPolestar, iRivian, kanye neVolvo nabo bamemezele ukuthi bazosekela indinganiso ye-NACS yezimoto zabo zase-US eminyakeni ezayo. Ukushintshela ku-NACS kusuka ku-CCS kubonakala sengathi kuye kwayixaka indlela yokushaja izimoto zikagesi (EV), kodwa kuyithuba elihle kubakhiqizi be-charger kanye nabaqhubi be-charge point (CPOs). Nge-NACS, ama-CPO azokwazi ukushaja ama-EV eTesla angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.3 emgwaqweni e-US.

Kuyini i-NACS?
I-NACS iyisixhumi sokushaja okusheshayo se-Tesla esasiyi-direct current (DC) esizimele ngaphambilini—esasaziwa ngokuthi “isixhumi sokushaja se-Tesla.” Ibilokhu isetshenziswa ezimotweni ze-Tesla kusukela ngo-2012 futhi ukwakheka kwesixhumi kwatholakala kwabanye abakhiqizi ngo-2022. Yaklanywa ukwakheka kwebhethri lika-Tesla elingu-400-volt futhi incane kakhulu kunezinye izixhumi zokushaja okusheshayo ze-DC. Isixhumi se-NACS sisetshenziswa nama-supercharger e-Tesla, okwamanje ashaja ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-250kW.

Iyini iTesla Magic Dock?
I-Magic Dock iyi-adaptha ye-Tesla ye-NACS kuya ku-CCS1 ehambisana neshaja. Cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 amashaja e-Tesla e-US afakwe i-Magic Dock, evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhethe i-adaptha ye-CCS1 uma beshaja. Abashayeli be-EV badinga ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Tesla kumafoni abo ukuze bashaje ama-EV abo ngamashaja e-Tesla, ngisho nalapho besebenzisa i-adaptha ye-Magic Dock CCS1. Nansi ividiyo ye-Magic Dock isebenza.

Kuyini i-CCS1/2?
Izinga le-CCS (Combined Charging System) lasungulwa ngo-2011 njengokubambisana phakathi kwabakhiqizi bezimoto base-US nabaseJalimane. Izinga liqondiswa yi-CharIn, iqembu labakhiqizi bezimoto nabaphakeli. I-CCS iqukethe kokubili izixhumi zamandla ashintshanayo (AC) kanye ne-DC. I-GM yayingumkhiqizi wokuqala wezimoto ukusebenzisa i-CCS emotweni yokukhiqiza—i-Chevy Spark ka-2014. EMelika, isixhumi se-CCS sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “i-CCS1.”

I-CCS2 nayo yadalwa yi-CharIn, kodwa isetshenziswa kakhulu eYurophu. Ingusayizi omkhulu nesimo sayo kune-CCS1 ukuze ivumelane negridi yamandla ye-AC yesigaba sesithathu yaseYurophu. Amagridi kagesi e-AC yesigaba sesithathu anamandla amaningi kunegridi yesigaba esisodwa evame e-US, kodwa asebenzisa izintambo ezintathu noma ezine esikhundleni sezimbili.

Zombili i-CCS1 ne-CCS2 zenzelwe ukusebenza ngezakhiwo zebhethri ze-800v ezisheshayo kakhulu kanye nesivinini sokushaja esifinyelela ku-350kW nangaphezulu.

Kuthiwani nge-CHAdeMO?
I-CHAdeMO ingenye indinganiso yokushaja, eyasungulwa ngo-2010 yi-CHAdeMo Association, ukubambisana phakathi kweTokyo Electric Power Company kanye nabakhiqizi bezimoto abahlanu abakhulu baseJapan. Leli gama liyisifinyezo segama elithi “CHArge de MOve” (elihunyushwa yinhlangano ngokuthi “ukushaja kokuthutha”) futhi lisuselwa emushweni wesiJapane othi “o CHA deMO ikaga desuka,” ohumusha ukuthi “Kuthiwani ngenkomishi yetiye?” ebhekisela esikhathini esizothatha ukushaja imoto. I-CHAdeMO ivame ukukhawulelwa ku-50kW, noma kunjalo ezinye izinhlelo zokushaja zinamandla angu-125kW.

I-Nissan Leaf iyimoto ye-EV evame kakhulu ene-CHAdeMO e-US. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2020, i-Nissan yamemezela ukuthi izothuthela ku-CCS ukuze ithole i-Ariya crossover SUV yayo entsha futhi izoyeka iLeaf cishe ngo-2026. Kusenamashumi ezinkulungwane zama-Leaf EVs asemgwaqweni futhi ama-DC fast charger amaningi asazogcina izixhumi ze-CHAdeMO.

Kusho ukuthini konke lokhu?
Abakhiqizi bezimoto abakhetha i-NACS bazoba nomthelela omkhulu embonini yokushaja i-EV esikhathini esifushane. Ngokusho kwe-US Department of Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center, kunezindawo zokushaja ze-Tesla ezingaba ngu-1,800 e-US uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zokushaja ze-CCS1 ezingaba ngu-5,200. Kodwa kunezindawo zokushaja ze-Tesla ezingaba ngu-20,000 uma kuqhathaniswa nezimbobo ze-CCS1 ezingaba ngu-10,000.

Uma abaqhubi bezindawo zokushaja befuna ukushaja ama-Ford nama-GM EV amasha, kuzodingeka baguqule ezinye zezixhumi zabo zokushaja ze-CCS1 zibe yi-NACS. Amashaja asheshayo e-DC afana ne-Tritium's PKM150 azokwazi ukwamukela izixhumi ze-NACS maduze.

Amanye amazwe ase-US, njengeTexas neWashington, aphakamise ukuthi iziteshi zokushaja ezixhaswe yiNational Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) zifake izixhumi eziningi ze-NACS. Uhlelo lwethu lokushaja okusheshayo oluhambisana ne-NEVI lungamukela izixhumi ze-NACS. Lunamashaja amane e-PKM150, angakwazi ukuletha ama-EV angu-150kW kuya kwamane ngesikhathi esisodwa. Maduze nje, kuzokwazi ukuhlomisa ishaja ngayinye ye-PKM150 ngesixhumi esisodwa se-CCS1 nesixhumi esisodwa se-NACS.

Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngamashaja ethu nokuthi angasebenza kanjani nezixhumi ze-NACS, xhumana nomunye wochwepheshe bethu namuhla.

Ithuba le-NACS
Uma abaqhubi bezindawo zokushaja befuna ukushaja izimoto eziningi ze-Ford, GM, Mercedes-Benz, Polestar, Rivian, Volvo, kanye nezinye izimoto ze-EV zesikhathi esizayo ezifakwe izixhumi ze-NACS, kuzodingeka babuyekeze amashaja abo akhona. Kuye ngokucushwa kweshaja, ukwengeza isixhumi se-NACS kungaba lula njengokushintsha ikhebula nokubuyekeza isofthiwe yeshaja. Futhi uma bengeza i-NACS, bazokwazi ukushaja izimoto ze-Tesla EV ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-1.3 endleleni.