He aha te Hononga NACS mō te Teihana Whakakaha Tesla?

He aha te Hononga NACS mō te Teihana Whakakaha Tesla?

I te marama o Hune 2023, i kī a Ford rāua ko GM ka huri rāua mai i te Pūnaha Whakakotahi Utu (CCS) ki ngā hononga Paerewa Utu o Amerika ki te Raki (NACS) a Tesla mō ā rāua waka EV o muri mai. I raro iho i te marama kotahi i muri mai, i kī anō a Mercedes-Benz, Polestar, Rivian, me Volvo ka tautoko rāua i te paerewa NACS mō ā rāua waka US i ngā tau e haere ake nei. Ko te huri ki te NACS mai i te CCS te āhua nei kua uaua te whenua utu waka hiko (EV), engari he whai wāhitanga nui tēnei mō ngā kaihanga utu me ngā kaiwhakahaere pūwāhi utu (CPO). Mā te NACS, ka taea e ngā CPO te utu neke atu i te 1.3 miriona EV Tesla i runga i te rori i te US.

He aha te NACS?
Ko te NACS te paerewa hononga utu tere iahiko tika (DC) a Tesla i mua—i mōhiotia i mua ko te "hononga utu Tesla". Kua whakamahia me ngā motuka Tesla mai i te tau 2012, ā, i wātea te hoahoa hononga ki ētahi atu kaihanga i te tau 2022. I hangaia mō te hoahoa pākahiko 400-volt a Tesla, ā, he iti ake i ētahi atu hononga utu tere DC. Ka whakamahia te hononga NACS me ngā supercharger Tesla, e utu ana i tēnei wā i te tere tae atu ki te 250kW.

He aha te Tesla Magic Dock?
Ko te Magic Dock te hononga NACS ki te CCS1 a Tesla. Tata ki te 10 ōrau o ngā utu Tesla i te US he Magic Dock, e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te whiriwhiri i tētahi hononga CCS1 i te wā e utu ana. Me whakamahi ngā taraiwa EV i te taupānga Tesla i runga i ā rātou waea hei utu i ā rātou EV ki ngā utu Tesla, ahakoa kei te whakamahi i te hononga Magic Dock CCS1. Anei tētahi ataata o te Magic Dock e mahi ana.

He aha te CCS1/2?
I hangaia te paerewa CCS (Combined Charging System) i te tau 2011 hei mahi tahi a ngā kaihanga waka o Amerika me Tiamana. Ko CharIn te kaiwhakahaere o te paerewa, he rōpū kaihanga waka me ngā kaiwhakarato. Kei roto i te CCS ngā hononga aukume tauutuutu (AC) me te DC. Ko GM te kaihanga waka tuatahi ki te whakamahi i te CCS i runga i tētahi waka hanga—te Chevy Spark 2014. I Amerika, ko te hononga CCS e kiia ana ko "CCS1."

I hangaia anō hoki a CCS2 e CharIn, engari e whakamahia ana i Ūropi. He nui ake tōna rahi me tōna āhua i a CCS1 hei whakauru i te whatunga hiko AC toru-wāhanga o Ūropi. He nui ake te mana o ngā whatunga hiko AC toru-wāhanga i ngā whatunga kotahi-wāhanga e kitea whānuitia ana i te US, engari e toru, e whā rānei ngā waea e whakamahia ana, kaua e rua.

Kua hangaia te CCS1 me te CCS2 kia mahi me ngā hoahoa pākahiko 800v tino tere me ngā tere utu tae atu ki te 350kW, neke atu rānei.

Ā, me pēhea a CHAdeMO?
Ko CHAdeMO tētahi atu paerewa utu, i whakawhanakehia i te tau 2010 e te Rōpū CHAdeMo, he mahi tahi i waenganui i te Kamupene Hiko Hiko o Tōkyō me ētahi kaihanga motuka nui e rima o Hapanihi. Ko te ingoa he whakarāpopototanga o "CHArge de MOve" (ko te whakamaoritanga a te whakahaere ko "utu mō te neke") ā, i ahu mai i te kupu Hapanihi "o CHA deMO ikaga desuka," ko tōna whakamaoritanga ko "Me pēhea te kapu tī?" e pā ana ki te wā e pau ana ki te utu i tētahi motuka. Ko te CHAdeMO he iti noa ki te 50kW, heoi, ko ētahi pūnaha utu ka taea te 125kW.

Ko te Nissan Leaf te waka hiko CHAdeMO tino rongonui i te US. Heoi, i te tau 2020, i kī a Nissan ka neke atu ki CCS mō tana SUV whakawhiti Ariya hou, ā, ka mutu te Leaf i te tau 2026 pea. E tekau mano tonu ngā Leaf EV kei runga i te rori, ā, he maha ngā taputapu utu tere DC ka mau tonu ngā hononga CHAdeMO.

He aha te tikanga o tēnei katoa?
Ka nui te pānga o ngā kaihanga motuka e whiriwhiri ana i te NACS ki te umanga utu hiko EV i roto i te wā poto. E ai ki te US Department of Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center, tata ki te 1,800 ngā pae utu Tesla i te US, ki te whakataurite ki te tata ki te 5,200 ngā pae utu CCS1. Engari tata ki te 20,000 ngā tauranga utu Tesla takitahi, ki te whakataurite ki te tata ki te 10,000 ngā tauranga CCS1.

Mena kei te hiahia ngā kaiwhakahaere pūwāhi utu ki te tuku utu mō ngā waka Ford me GM hou, me huri e rātou ētahi o ā rātou hononga utu CCS1 ki te NACS. Ka taea e ngā utu tere DC pēnei i te PKM150 a Tritium te whakauru i ngā hononga NACS a te wā tata nei.

Kua whakaarohia e ētahi whenua o Amerika, pērā i a Texas me Washington, kia whakaurua he maha ngā hononga NACS ki ngā teihana utu hiko e utua ana e te National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI). Ka taea e tā mātou pūnaha utu tere e tutuki ana i te NEVI te whakauru i ngā hononga NACS. E whā ngā rihi PKM150 kei roto, ka taea te tuku 150kW ki ngā EV e whā i te wā kotahi. I roto i ngā rā tata nei, ka taea te whakauru i ia rihi PKM150 ki tētahi hononga CCS1 me tētahi hononga NACS.

Mō ētahi atu kōrero mō ā mātou rihi hiko me pēhea te mahi tahi me ngā hononga NACS, whakapā atu ki tētahi o ā mātou tohunga i tēnei rā.

Te Whai Wāhitanga NACS
Mena kei te hiahia ngā kaiwhakahaere pūwāhi utu ki te tuku utu mō ngā Ford, GM, Mercedes-Benz, Polestar, Rivian, Volvo, me ētahi atu EV o muri mai kua whakauruhia ki ngā hononga NACS, me whakahou e rātou ā rātou rihi o nāianei. I runga i te whirihoranga rihi, ko te tāpiri i tētahi hononga NACS he mea ngāwari noa iho, pērā i te whakakapi i tētahi taura me te whakahou i te pūmanawa rihi. Ā, ki te tāpirihia e rātou te NACS, ka taea e rātou te utu tata ki te 1.3 miriona EV Tesla i runga i te rori.