Labarai - Ta yaya aikin PNC (Plug&Charge) zai iya canza yanayin caji na motocin lantarki gaba ɗaya?

Menene aikin PNC (Plug&Charge) - Filogi da Caji

Sabanin yadda ake amfani da na'urar caji ta gida da kuma na'urar caji ta atomatik, aikin PNC yana bawa motocin lantarki damar yin "toshewa da kunnawa" a tashoshin caji na jama'a. Abin da kawai masu amfani ke buƙatar yi shine a haɗa bindigar caji a cikin hanyar caji ta motar, wacce ake kira "Plug&Charge" a Turanci.

Daga mahangar fasaha, za a iya raba shi zuwa hanyoyin magance aikace-aikace guda biyu: AC PNC da DC PNC, waɗanda za su iya fara caji ta atomatik, kunna wuta, biya, da kuma kawo ƙarshen tsarin caji. Fasahar PNC ta dogara ne akan ma'aunin sadarwa na ISO 15118.

Ka yi tunanin tuƙi motar lantarki mai goyan bayan PNC (Plug&Charge) zuwa tashar caji. Kawai cire bindigar caji ka saka ta a tashar caji ta motar, kuma caji zai fara ta atomatik. Ba sai an nemi manhajoji ba, babu buƙatar jan kati ko duba lambobin, dukkan tsarin tabbatar da asali da biyan kuɗi za a kammala shi a bango a hankali, wanda ba wai kawai yana inganta ƙwarewar caji na masu amfani a tashoshin caji na jama'a ba, har ma yana rage lokacin juyawa na tashoshin caji ga masu aiki. Bari ƙwarewar caji ta kai sabon matsayi ga ɓangarorin biyu, A da B.

Ka'idar fasaha da ke bayan aikin PNC (Plug&Charge):

Motocin lantarki da tashoshin caji suna samun ganewa da tabbatarwa ta atomatik ta hanyar takaddun shaida na dijital - ainihin tabbatar da asalin da aka ɓoye, wanda ake amfani da shi don tabbatar da asalin na'urar ko sabis ɗin, ba tare da buƙatar ganowa ta waje ba (kamar katunan RFID, katunan zare kudi, ko ƙa'idodin caji).

Ta hanyar sanya takardar shaidar dijital a cikin motar, motocin lantarki za su iya kammala tabbatar da asali a tashoshin caji na jama'a cikin 'yan daƙiƙa kaɗan, ta haka ne za su fahimci cikakken tsarin caji da ayyukan biyan kuɗi.

Menene takardar shaidar dijital?Takardar shaidar kwangila tana nufin lissafin caji da asusun da ke tsakanin abin hawa da mai amfani, wanda Mai Ba da Sabis na Wayar Salula (MSP) ke bayarwa. Tabbatar da asali da izini (don tabbatarwa ko an ba ku izinin caji) duk ana kammala su ta atomatik - babu aikace-aikacen app, babu goge katin, kuma babu wasu ayyukan biyan kuɗi.

Yadda aikin PNC (Plug&Charge) ke tabbatar da tsaron biyan kuɗi:

Masu amfani suna dogara ne akan wata dabarar ɓoye bayanai mai sarkakiya duk lokacin da suka yi amfani da fasalin PNC (Plug&Charge), wanda ya haɗa da musayar maɓallan zaman sirri cikin aminci don ɓoye bayanai da kuma ɓoye su, sa hannun dijital don tabbatar da cewa saƙonni ba a taɓa su ba, da takaddun shaida na dijital don tabbatar da sahihancin kowane mahalarci - duk waɗannan suna faruwa ne tsakanin motar lantarki ta mai amfani, tashar caji, mai aiki da tashar caji, da mai ba da sabis na wayar hannu, kuma dukkan tsarin zai kammala cikin daƙiƙa kaɗan. Wannan matakin tsaro iri ɗaya ne da na tsarin banki na kan layi, yana tabbatar da cewa duk bayanan da ke gudana ta cikin kebul na caji da sauran tashoshi sun kasance na sirri kuma tsaro yana kare su.

✔ Kafa hanyoyin sadarwa masu aminci na TLS 1.3 da aka ɓoye tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa;
✔ Kafa tsarin raba hanyoyin sadarwa na sarƙoƙin takardar shaidar X.509 da tsarin takardar shaidar tushen PKI tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na masu aiki;
✔ Ta hanyar ɗaukar ƙa'idar sadarwa ta ISO 15118, ana bayar da takaddun shaida na dijital kuma ana sarrafa su ta hanyar da aka amince da juna tsakanin dukkan mahalarta a cikin tsarin caji na EV, tabbatar da tsaron bayanai da dacewa da caji;

PNC (Plug&Charge) a halin yanzu ita ce hanya mafi inganci da aminci don rage kurakuran caji.

Tsarin halittu na PNC (Plug & Charge):

Mai kunna abin hawa na lantarki (EV):Da zarar mai amfani ya kammala aikin saka bindiga, EV zai nuna takardar shaidar kwangilarsa - Mai Ba da Sabis na Wayar Salula - ga caja.

Takardar shaidar daidaitawar OEM:takardar shaidar kwangila da ake amfani da ita don buƙatu masu aminci da karɓa, da kuma haɗa abin hawa da asusun biyan kuɗi na mai amfani (ko mai abin hawa).

Tashar caji ta SECC:Nuna na'urar gano bayanai ta dijital yayin aikin musabaha na Transport Layer Security (TLS) kuma tabbatar da cewa na'urar cajin tana cikin tsarin PNC (Plug&Charge) da aka amince da shi. Bayan kafa sadarwa mai tsaro, EV zai aika takardar shaidar kwangilarsa, kuma

Tashar caji ta SECC:Ana buƙatar a tabbatar da wannan takardar shaidar kafin a ba ta damar shiga tsarin caji. Wasu sassan tabbatarwar za a iya yin su kai tsaye a tashar caji (kamar tabbatar da sa hannun dijital na takardar shaidar da kuma duba ranar ƙarewarta), yayin da sauran za a miƙa su ga ƙarshen baya - Tsarin Gudanar da Tashar Caji (CPMS).

Mai Aiki a Tashar Caji (CPO):yana hulɗa da Mai Ba da Sabis na Wayar Salula (MSP), wanda ke duba ko asusun biyan kuɗi yana aiki kuma yana aiki kafin fara aiwatar da caji. CPO kuma yana da alhakin tabbatar da cewa caja ya shigar da sabuwar takardar shaidar SECC kuma ya kafa ingantacciyar hanyar sadarwa ta TLS tare da EV.

Mai Ba da Sabis na Wayar Salula (MSP):Kamfani wanda ke samar da "kwangila ta caji" kuma yana gudanar da tantancewar mai amfani. Hanyar biyan kuɗi (kamar asusun banki ko katin kiredit) tana da alaƙa da "kwangila ta caji" ta MSP, kuma mai amfani yana tabbatar da MSP kuma yana sanya hannu kan kwangilar. MSP yana bayar da takardar shaidar kwangilar kuma yana biyan kuɗin caji na CPO. Ana ƙididdige kuɗin bisa ga ƙimar B2B (kasuwanci zuwa kasuwanci) da aka amince da ita tsakanin CPO da MSP.

Yanayin da ake ciki a yanzu na tsarin PNC (Plug&Charge) har zuwa 2025:

CPOs waɗanda ke tallafawa aikin PNC a duk duniya:
Turai: Allego, Aral Pulse, Atlante, Electra, IONITY, Mer, Shell Recharge, Smatrics, Vattenfall
Birtaniya: dom: IONITY, Shell Recharge
Amurka: Chargepoint, Electrify America, IONNA

OEMs na EV a duk duniya waɗanda ke tallafawa aikin PNC:
Audi, BMW Cupra, Ford Genesis, Modern, Kia Lucid, Mercedes MAN, Mini, Nissan Polestar, Porsche, Renault Vinfast, Volkswagen, Volvo, da dai sauransu.

Tashoshin caji na OEM na duniya waɗanda ke tallafawa aikin PNC:
ABB、Alpitronic、Autel、Defa、Delta、Ekoenergetyka、Enersys、i-Charging、IOCharger、Kempower、Liteon、Mennekes、Power Electronics、StarCharge、Vestel、XCharge Wait.

PNC (Toshewa da Caji) OCPP 2.0.1:

A halin yanzu, ana amfani da OCPP 1.6 da OCPP 2.0.1 a layi ɗaya a duk duniya. Idan kuna buƙatar tashar caji mai aikin PNC, OCPP 2.0.1 yana ba da hanya mai tsari, daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe. Filogi & Cajin da aka dogara da 1.6 na iya aiki, amma wannan yana ƙara yiwuwar rashin daidaiton CPMS/caja wanda ke haifar da kurakurai masu alaƙa (kamar ɓoye saƙonni daban-daban ko ID na mai samarwa), don haka 1.6 yana buƙatar ƙayyade haɗuwar mai samarwa da gudanar da gwaje-gwaje masu yawa na hulɗa don guje wa aikin PNC ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata. Kudin tabbatarwa, farashin ma'aikata, da kuɗin tattalin arziki da aka saka sun fi na sigar yarjejeniya ta OCPP 2.0.1.

Ranar aiwatarwa ta tilas ga PNC (Plug&Charge) ita ce 1 ga Janairu, 2027.

PNC (Plug&Charge) ta sauya daga sabis na ƙara ƙima zuwa wani muhimmin buƙatar kayayyakin more rayuwa a Turai da Amurka.

An ƙara inganta Dokar Kayayyakin Man Fetur ta Madadin (AFIR). A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2027, masu caji na gwamnati da masu zaman kansu a faɗin Turai dole ne su goyi bayan ci gaban ƙa'idar ISO 15118-20, kuma ana buƙatar gaggawar sauya tsarin ababen more rayuwa. Wannan hanyar ƙa'ida ta sa masu aiki da hanyar sadarwa su tura su kafin lokaci kuma ta tura masana'antun su cika buƙatun bin ƙa'idodi kafin wa'adin. AFIR tana buƙatar bin ƙa'idar ISO 15118, ba aikin PNC (Plug & Charge) kanta ba. Duk da haka, tallafawa sabuwar ƙa'idar ISO 15118 20 ba tare da aikin PNC ba ba shi da ma'ana sosai.

Amurka ta ɗauki irin wannan tsarin: ta hanyar buƙatun shirin Kayayyakin Motocin Lantarki na Ƙasa (NEVI), duk masu caji dole ne su bi ƙa'idar ISO 15118-3 kuma kayan aikinsu ya kamata su sami ikon aiwatar da ka'idojin ISO 15118-20 da ISO 15118-20.

Darajar Plug&Charge ta ta'allaka ne da cewa OEMs ba wai kawai za su iya samar wa masu amfani da ayyuka mafi inganci da dacewa ba, har ma za su iya bayar da mafi aminci da kuma mafi kwanciyar hankali na caji ba tare da yin watsi da tsaron bayanai ba.

Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-20-2026

Ta yaya aikin PNC (Plug&Charge) zai iya canza yanayin caji na motocin lantarki gaba ɗaya?