Babban rarrabuwa da takaddun shaida na masu samar da tarin caji na Turai

Babban rarrabuwa da takaddun shaida na masu samar da tarin caji na Turai

A cewar wani rahoto da Hukumar Makamashi ta Duniya (IEA) ta fitar: “A shekarar 2023, za a zuba jarin kimanin dala tiriliyan 2.8 a duk duniya a fannin makamashi, inda sama da dala tiriliyan 1.7 za a mayar da hankali kan fasahar zamani, ciki har da makamashin da za a iya sabuntawa, motocin lantarki, makamashin nukiliya, hanyoyin sadarwa, adanawa, man fetur mai ƙarancin fitar da hayaki, inganta inganci da famfunan zafi. Sauran kudin, wanda ya zarce dala tiriliyan 1, za a ware shi ga kwal, iskar gas da mai. Kudaden makamashin rana sun zarce man da ke sama a karon farko. Bisa ga sabbin makamashi da motocin lantarki, ana hasashen cewa jarin makamashin tsafta na shekara-shekara zai karu da kashi 24% tsakanin 2021 da 2023, idan aka kwatanta da kashi 15% na karuwar man fetur a wannan lokacin. Sama da kashi 90% na wannan ci gaban ya samo asali ne daga tattalin arziki masu tasowa da China, wanda ke nuna cewa gwamnatoci suna mai da hankali kan makamashin da za a iya sabuntawa. Bincike ya nuna cewa sama da kashi 90% na ci gaban wutar lantarki na duniya a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa ana hasashen zai fito ne daga sabbin makamashi, inda ake sa ran makamashin da za a iya sabuntawa zai zarce kwal a matsayin babban tushen wutar lantarki a duniya nan da farkon 2025. Nan da shekarar 2025, adadin cajin ababen hawa na lantarki na duniya An yi hasashen cewa maki za su wuce miliyan 120, inda maki masu saurin caji za su wuce miliyan 4. Wannan hasashen ya nuna cewa yayin da tallace-tallacen ababen hawa na lantarki ke ƙaruwa, kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji za su sami ƙarin jari da ci gaba. Gwamnatoci a duk duniya za su kuma inganta haɓaka motocin lantarki da kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji ta hanyar tallafin manufofi da kuɗaɗen tallafi don magance sauyin yanayi da rage hayakin ababen hawa.

Rahoton Zurfin Masana'antar Caji na Guohai Securities ya bayyana: Sabbin shigar motoci masu amfani da makamashi a Turai na hanzarta sauri. A shekarar 2021, adadin shigar sabbin motocin makamashi a Turai ya kai kashi 19.2%, yayin da rabon tashoshin caji na jama'a da motoci ya tsaya a kashi 15:1, wanda ke nuna babban gibin kayayyakin caji. A cewar kididdigar IEA, hannun jarin sabbin motocin makamashi na Turai ya tsaya a raka'a miliyan 5.46 a shekarar 2021, tare da maki 356,000 na caji na jama'a, wanda ya yi daidai da rabon 15.3:1 na mota zuwa caji.Yayin da sabbin motocin makamashi ke hanzarta shiga Turai, tare da rabon motocin jama'a-zuwa-caja na 13:1 da aka saita a 2025, ana hasashen cewa sabbin motocin makamashi na Turai za su kai na'urori miliyan 17.5 nan da 2025. Ana sa ran wuraren caji na jama'a za su kai na'urori miliyan 1.346, wanda ya yi daidai da adadin tallace-tallace na shekara-shekara na na'urori 210,000, 222,000, da 422,000 na shekarun 2023-2025, wanda ke wakiltar karuwar shekara-shekara ta kashi 50.1%.

Masu samar da tashar caji ta Turai galibi sun kasu kashi huɗu:Manyan kamfanonin makamashi na gargajiya, manyan kamfanonin wutar lantarki masu haɗaka, sabbin masana'antun motocin makamashi, kumaƙwararrun masu aiki da wurin caji.Manyan kamfanonin makamashi na gargajiya kamar BP da Shell suna hanzarta sauya tsarin kasuwancin man fetur na gargajiya zuwa sabbin ayyukan makamashi ta hanyar sayen masu aiki da tashoshin caji. Manyan kamfanonin lantarki da aka haɗa, musamman ABB, Siemens, da Schneider Electric, suna mai da hankali kan kera kayan caji kuma a halin yanzu suna mamaye kasuwar tashar caji ta Turai. Sabbin masana'antun motocin makamashi, waɗanda Tesla da IONITY suka misalta, galibi suna tallafawa jiragen ruwan motocin lantarki ta hanyar kayayyakin caji; ƙwararrun masu aiki da caji, kamar ChargePoint na Arewacin Amurka da EVBox na Turai, ba wai kawai suna samar da wuraren caji ba har ma suna samar da software da sabis na gaba, suna haɓaka samfuran kasuwancin software na caji.

Ka'idojin caji da takaddun shaida na ƙasashen waje suna gabatar da ƙarin sarkakiya. A halin yanzu, akwai manyan ƙa'idodi guda biyar na caji a duk duniya: ƙa'idar ƙasa ta China GB/T, ƙa'idar CCS1 ta Amurka (Combo/Type 1), ƙa'idar CCS2 ta Turai (Combo/Type 2), ƙa'idar CHAdeMO ta Japan, da ƙa'idar haɗin caji ta Tesla. A duk duniya, ƙa'idodin CCS da CHAdeMO suna ganin mafi girman karɓuwa, suna tallafawa nau'ikan samfuran motoci iri-iri. A halin yanzu, ƙa'idodi da ƙa'idojin gwajin motoci na ƙasashen waje sun fi tsauri fiye da waɗanda ke cikin kasuwar China.