Amahame ngenderwaho y'ingenzi mu gushyira mu byiciro no kwemeza abatanga serivisi zo gushyushya imigozi mu Burayi

Amahame ngenderwaho y'ingenzi mu gushyira mu byiciro no kwemeza abatanga serivisi zo gushyushya imigozi mu Burayi

Raporo y’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Ingufu (IEA) ivuga ko: “Mu 2023, hafi tiriyari 2.8 z’amadolari y’Amerika zizashorwa ku isi yose mu ngufu, aho tiriyari 1.7 z’amadolari y’Amerika zisaga yerekeza ku ikoranabuhanga risukuye ririmo ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ingufu za kirimbuzi, imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi, ububiko, ibikomoka kuri peteroli nkeya, kunoza imikorere n’ibikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe. Amafaranga asigaye, arenga gato tiriyari 1 y’amadolari y’Amerika, azashyirwa mu makara, gazi na peteroli. Amafaranga azakoreshwa mu ngufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba yarenze peteroli yo mu misozi ku nshuro ya mbere. Bitewe n’imodoka zikoresha ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa n’amashanyarazi, ishoramari rya buri mwaka ry’ingufu zitanduye riteganijwe kwiyongeraho 24% hagati ya 2021 na 2023, ugereranije n’izamuka rya 15% ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu gihe kimwe. Hejuru ya 90% by’iri zamuka rituruka ku bukungu bwateye imbere n’Ubushinwa, bigaragaza ko za leta zishyira imbere cyane ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Isesengura ryerekana ko hejuru ya 90% by’izamuka ry’amashanyarazi ku isi mu myaka itanu iri imbere biteganijwe ko bizaturuka ku ngufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, aho ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa ziteganijwe ko zizarenga amakara nk’isoko y’ingufu nyamukuru ku isi mu ntangiriro za 2025. Mu 2025, umubare w’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ku isi yose uzatwara amafaranga menshi. Biteganijwe ko amanota azarenga miliyoni 120, aho amanota azashyuha vuba arenga miliyoni 4. Iki gipimo kigaragaza ko uko ibicuruzwa by'amashanyarazi bizamuka, ibikorwa remezo bizajya birushaho gushora imari n'iterambere. Guverinoma ku isi yose zizateza imbere iterambere ry'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n'ibikorwa remezo bikoresha amashanyarazi binyuze mu nkunga ya politiki n'inkunga yo guhangana n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

Raporo yimbitse y’inganda zikoresha ingufu za Guohai Securities igaragaza ko: Ibyerekezo bishya by’imodoka zikoresha ingufu mu Burayi biri kwihuta cyane. Mu 2021, igipimo cy’ibyerekezo bishya by’imodoka zikoresha ingufu mu Burayi cyageze kuri 19.2%, mu gihe igipimo cy’ibiro rusange bikoresha ingufu mu modoka cyari kuri 15:1, bigaragaza ko hari icyuho kinini mu bikorwa remezo byo gukoresha ingufu. Dukurikije imibare ya IEA, ingano y’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu Burayi yari miliyoni 5.46 mu 2021, aho 356.000 zikoresha ingufu mu baturage, bingana n’igipimo cy’ibyerekezo hagati y’imodoka n’imodoka ku kigero cya 15.3:1.Mu gihe imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zihuta mu Burayi, hamwe n’igipimo cy’imodoka rusange zikoresha ingufu 13:1 cyashyizweho mu 2025, ingano y’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu Burayi iteganijwe kugera kuri miliyoni 17.5 mu 2025. Ahantu ho gushyushya imodoka rusange hateganijwe kugera kuri miliyoni 1.346, bingana n’umubare w’ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe buri mwaka wa 2023-2025, bikaba bigaragaza igipimo cy’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku mwaka cya 50.1%.

Abatanga serivisi zo gushyushya ibikoresho by'i Burayi bigabanyijemo ibice bine:ibihangange mu by'ingufu gakondo, amasosiyete manini y’amashanyarazi ahujwe, abakora imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufunaabakozi bashinzwe gusharija ahantu hihariye.Ibihangange mu by’ingufu gakondo nka BP na Shell biri kwihutisha impinduka mu bucuruzi bwabyo busanzwe bwa peteroli bugana ku mishinga mishya y’ingufu binyuze mu kugura abakora ibyuma bitanga umuriro. Ibigo binini by’amashanyarazi bihuriweho, cyane cyane ABB, Siemens, na Schneider Electric, byibanda ku gukora ibikoresho byo gushyushya umuriro kandi ubu ni byo byiganje ku isoko ry’ingufu zitanga umuriro mu Burayi. Inganda zikora imodoka nshya zitanga ingufu, urugero rwa Tesla na IONITY, zishyigikira cyane cyane imodoka zazo zitanga umuriro binyuze mu bikorwa remezo byo gushyushya umuriro; abakora ibyuma bidasanzwe bitanga umuriro, nka ChargePoint yo muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru na EVBox yo mu Burayi, ntibatanga gusa ibyuma bitanga umuriro ahubwo banatanga porogaramu na serivisi zikurikiraho, bateza imbere imikorere ya porogaramu zitanga umuriro.

Amabwiriza yo gushyushya mu mahanga n'ibyemezo byo gutanga amashanyarazi birushaho kuba ingorabahizi. Ubu, hari amahame atanu y'ibanze yo gushyushya ku rwego mpuzamahanga: GB/T y'igihugu cy'Ubushinwa, CCS1 y'Abanyamerika (Combo/Type 1), CCS2 y'i Burayi (Combo/Type 2), CHAdeMO y'Ubuyapani, n'amahame ya Tesla yo gushyushya. Ku isi yose, amahame ya CCS na CHAdeMO ni yo yemewe cyane, ashyigikira ubwoko bwinshi bw'imodoka. Muri icyo gihe, amahame n'amabwiriza yo gupima imodoka mu mahanga arakomeye ugereranyije n'ayo ku isoko ry'Ubushinwa.