Amakuru - Intego nyamukuru ya V2G si ugucana umuriro, ahubwo ni ukuvugurura imiterere y'amashanyarazi. Ubwo Uburayi butangira gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo gucana umuriro mu cyerekezo cy'imirongo ibiri, hatangira ivugurura nyaryo ry'inganda zicana umuriro

Intego nyamukuru ya V2G si ugutanga umuriro, ahubwo ni ukuvugurura imiterere y'amashanyarazi - ubwo Uburayi bwatangiraga gutegeka ko habaho gutanga umuriro mu cyerekezo cy'imirongo ibiri, hatangiye kuvugurura inganda zitanga umuriro.

Mu myaka mike ishize, V2G (Imodoka ijya kuri Grid) yabaye ikoranabuhanga "rimenyerewe cyane ariko ritamenyerewe" mu nganda nshya z'ingufu. Buri wese arabizi. Ariko hafi ya nta muntu wemera by'ukuri ko izagera ku rwego runini. Kubera ko V2G mu bihe byashize yari nk'umushinga wa laboratwari, isa n'icyitegererezo cya politiki, isa n'igenamigambi ry'inganda, byari bigoye gushyiraho umurongo w'ubucuruzi mu buryo bufunze. Abantu benshi batangiye gutekereza ko V2G ari ingenzi, ariko biracyari kure y'ukuri.

Ariko guhera mu 2024, ishingiro ry’inganda zose riri guhinduka mu buryo butunguranye. Kubera ko gutwara V2G bitakiri ibijyanye n’ibigo by’imodoka gusa. Ahubwo - ni uburyo bw’amashanyarazi ku isi ubwayo. Mu by’ukuri, icyorezo cya V2G si umusaruro w’iterambere ry’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, ahubwo ni umusaruro udashobora kwirindwa w’ubusumbane mu miterere y’ingufu ku isi.

Uburyo bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi mu kinyejana gishize bworoshye cyane: ingano y'amashanyarazi atangwa, ingano y'amashanyarazi akoreshwa, kandi sisitemu yose ikoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi mu buryo buhuriweho - kohereza amashanyarazi mu buryo bumwe, umutwaro uhoraho.

Ibi byose biri guteza ibibazo bitigeze bibaho mu muyoboro w’amashanyarazi ku isi, aho “amashanyarazi yiyongera, ariko akarushaho kugorana kuyatanga.” Cyane cyane mu Burayi, ibiciro by’amashanyarazi biri hasi byarushijeho kwiyongera. Mu turere twinshi, hari n’ikibazo cy’amashanyarazi menshi ku manywa n’amashanyarazi adahagije nijoro.

Ihinduka: EV nk'amakuru y'ingufu akwirakwizwa

Ikibazo gikomeye kiri muri sisitemu y’amashanyarazi ku isi yose ni ukubura uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zihinduka. Bityo, inganda zose z’ingufu zatangiye kongera gusuzuma umutungo wari wirengagijwe - imodoka z’amashanyarazi, zigenda zihinduka buhoro buhoro kuva ku "modoka zitwara abagenzi" zikagera ku "mitungo y’urukuta".

✔ Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zigendanwa

✔ Isoko ry'amashanyarazi ryo mu rugo

✔ Akadomo ka microgrid

✔ Umuyoboro w'amabwiriza agenga ingano y'amashanyarazi

Iyo amashanyarazi ya miliyoni ahujwe n'ingufu, igihinduka mu by'ukuri si uruganda rutanga umuriro. Ahubwo, ni uburyo bwo gukora bwa sisitemu yose y'ingufu. Niyo mpamvu mu myaka ibiri ishize, inganda z'ingufu ku isi zatangiye impinduka zikomeye mu buryo butunguranye:

V2G(Imodoka ijya kuri Grid) |V2H(Imodoka ijya ku muturage) |V2B(Imodoka ijya mu bucuruzi)
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Iterambere (VPP)(Uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rukoresha ikoranabuhanga) |DER(Ingufu zikwirakwizwa) |Udukoresho duto tw'ikoranabuhanga

Imiterere y'amategeko mpuzamahanga

Kuko mu gihe kizaza, icy'agaciro nyakuri ntabwo kikiri 'uwashobora gutanga amashanyarazi'. Ahubwo: ni nde ushobora guhindura amashanyarazi. Inzego zishinzwe kugenzura ku isi zatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa V2G, kandi ntabwo ari ikoranabuhanga rigena by'ukuri uko inganda zinjira mu cyiciro cy'ubucuruzi. Ahubwo ni amategeko.

Uburayi: Umuteza imbere ukomeye kurusha abandi

Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi uri guhatira guteza imbere sisitemu zo gushyushya zikoresheje AFIR (Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation). Guhera mu 2026, ibigo bishya byo gushyushya bya leta bigomba gushyigikira ISO 15118; guhera mu 2027, ibigo bishya byo gushyushya bya leta n’iby’abikorera ku giti cyabo bigomba gushyigikira ISO 15118-20.

Amerika ya Ruguru: Urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima by'ingufu zihuriweho

Hamwe no kwamamaza ku buryo bwuzuye amahame ya SAE J3400 (NACS), urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyushya rurimo gushingwa. Intego nyayo y’uburyo bwo gushyushya burimo guhuza si ukunoza imikorere yo gushyushya gusa, ahubwo ni ukubaka umuyoboro w’ingufu uhuriweho urimo gahunda y’ubwenge n’ubushobozi bwo kugena imiterere y’amashanyarazi.

Ubushinwa: Gahunda nini z'igerageza

Mu 2024, Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura n'andi mashami yateje imbere "Itangazo ryo guteza imbere Umurimo w'Igerageza ryo Gukoresha Imikoranire y'Ibinyabiziga mu Kigero Ginini". Ubushinwa bwatangiye gushyira V2G mu bikorwa remezo by'ingufu bishya.

Ahazaza: Ingufu Internet

Urugendo rukurikira rw'intambara z'inganda ntirukiri "intambara yo gushyushya amafaranga menshi". Ibigo by'agaciro by'ukuri mu gihe kizaza bishobora kuba bitakiri "abacuruzi b'ibikoresho". Ahubwo: abahuza ibikorwa, ibigo bya EMS, SaaS y'ingufu, urubuga rwa VPP, abakora microgrid, urubuga rwo kohereza ingufu mu cyerekezo kibiri.

Imiterere y'ubucuruzi:Uko ikoranabuhanga rya V2G rihagaze ubu. Uburyo bwo kwamamaza bwa V2G mu Burayi burimo gutera imbere cyane kurusha uko abantu benshi babyiteze. Mu Kwakira 2024, Mobilize mu Bufaransa yafatanyije na The Mobility House gutangiza serivisi ya mbere ya V2G y’ubucuruzi. Muri Kamena 2025, We Drive Solar mu Buholandi yatangije gahunda ya "Utrecht Charging". Muri Kanama 2025, Octopus Energy yafatanyije na BYD gutangiza gahunda ya V2G mu Bwongereza. Muri Nzeri 2025, BMW na E.ON batangije ibicuruzwa bya mbere bya V2G byo mu Budage.

Hashobora kuba nta gihe kinini gisigaye ku nganda. Mu bihe byashize, inganda zashoboraga kuganira niba V2G ifite ahazaza? Ariko ubu ikibazo nyacyo cyabaye: igihe amategeko atangiye guteganya inkunga yo guhanahana ingufu mu buryo bubiri, ni nde ushobora gukomeza kuguma mu gihe cyo gushyushya umuriro gisanzwe?

Ku bijyanye n'uruhererekane rwa V2G, shushanya by'agateganyo ishusho y'urukiramende

Igihe cyo kohereza: 20 Nzeri 2026