Na gaba, zan yi nazari kan taswirar fasaha da kuma amfani da mafita na V2G a matakai uku.
Fashewar Kasuwar V2G ta Duniya
A cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata, V2G (Mota zuwa Grid) ta shiga matakin farko na kasuwanci daga ra'ayin dakin gwaje-gwaje. A cewar bayanai daga Hukumar Makamashi ta Duniya (IEA), adadin ayyukan gwaji na V2G na duniya zai wuce 120 a shekarar 2023, karuwar kashi 300% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar 2020, inda Tarayyar Turai ta kai sama da kashi 60%.
Babban abin da ke haifar da ci gaban V2G na duniya ya fito ne daga fannoni biyu:
- ✔Adadin sabbin hanyoyin haɗin wutar lantarki ya ƙaru, kuma buƙatar albarkatun daidaita wutar lantarki mai sassauƙa ta ƙaru.
- ✔Adadin motocin lantarki yana ƙaruwa cikin sauri, kuma masana'antar tana fahimtar yuwuwar adana makamashin batirin wutar lantarki a hankali.
A halin yanzu Tarayyar Turai ita ce yankin da ke da ci gaba mafi sauri a fannin kasuwancin V2G, wanda ake buƙata ta hanyar ƙa'idar AFIR: nan da shekarar 2025, kamfanonin wutar lantarki na Turai za su buɗe kasuwannin sabis na ƙarinsu, wanda ke ba masu haɗa motocin lantarki damar shiga cikin ƙa'idar mita da ƙarfin lantarki don samun riba. Tun daga ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2027, cibiyoyin caji na Tarayyar Turai dole ne su goyi bayan ƙa'idar ISO 15118-20.
1, Sake fasalta V2G: Daga Hulɗar Makamashi zuwa Albarkatun Daidaita Mita da Aka Rarraba
Fahimtar mutane da yawa game da V2G (Mota zuwa Grid) ya ci gaba da kasancewa a matakin saman "motocin lantarki da ke fitarwa zuwa cikin grid", kuma kamfanoni da yawa har yanzu suna fassara V2G a matsayin "haɓaka aiki", wanda a halin yanzu shine babban kuskuren fahimta a masana'antar. Hakanan rashin fahimta ce ta fahimta ta yau da kullun.
Dangane da ma'anar ƙa'idar ISO 15118-20:2022 ta ƙasa da ƙasa, V2G cikakken tsarin hulɗa ne na kwararar makamashi mai hanyoyi biyu+ kwararar bayanai, wanda ya ƙunshi matakai huɗu:
- V1G (Cajin da aka yi oda):Tsarin wutar lantarki mai jagora ɗaya, daidaita lokacin caji/amsar wutar lantarki zuwa grid, tare da ƙaramin gyara da ake buƙata
- V2B (Mota zuwa Gine-gine):Motar tana samar da wutar lantarki ga kayan ginin, tana cimma daidaito a kan kololuwar kwarin a ɓangaren mai amfani. Wani yanayi na yau da kullun shine wuraren shakatawa na masana'antu.
- V2G (Mota zuwa Grid):Motoci suna aika wutar lantarki a baya zuwa ga grid ɗin kuma suna shiga cikin ayyukan taimako kamar aski mai tsayi da daidaita mita
- V2X (abin hawa zuwa komai):Hulɗar hanyar sadarwa ta ababen hawa a ko'ina ciki har da V2H (gida), V2G, V2B
Babban darajar fasaha ta V2G ta ta'allaka ne da cikakken sassaucin da yake da shi daga "matakin millisecond" zuwa "matakin awa", amma ƙimar kasuwancinsa mafi kariya tana cikin martanin "matakin biyu".
2, Me yasa shekarar 2026 ta zama shekarar farko ta kasuwanci ta V2G ta gaske? Muhimman abubuwa uku masu muhimmanci
3, Bambancin hanyar fasaha: bambance-bambance masu zurfi tsakanin sadarwa mai tushe da tsarin gine-gine na yau da kullun
1. Hanya ta Turai: sadarwa kai tsaye daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe bisa ga ISO 15118-20
Babban jigon taswirar fasahar V2G ta Turai shine hulɗa kai tsaye tsakanin ababen hawa da watsa layin wutar lantarki, bisa ga ƙa'idodin caji na CCS da kuma tarin yarjejeniyar ISO 15118-20.
2. Hanyar China: jagorancin ƙa'idodi masu zaman kansu, waɗanda suka dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasashen duniya
Babban tsarin fasahar V2G na kasar Sin shine tsarin sarrafawa mai hade da dandamali, bisa ga ka'idojin caji na GB/T da ake da su, don cimma aikin V2G ta hanyar sauya tsarin.
Yanayin gaba: Daga bambancin hanya zuwa fahimtar juna tsakanin mizanai
A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (shekaru 3-5), taswirar fasaha tsakanin China da Turai za ta ci gaba da bambanta. A cikin dogon lokaci (fiye da shekaru 10), amincewa da juna ga ƙa'idodin duniya wani yanayi ne da ba makawa.
V2G ba wai game da fitar da wutar lantarki daga motoci zuwa ga layin wutar lantarki ba ne, amma game da canza miliyoyin motocin lantarki zuwa hanyar sadarwa ta adana makamashi ta hannu.
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