New Standard EN ISO 15118-1 / 2 yeEV yekuchaja Zviteshi

Zvinodiwa Zvitsva zveZviteshi zvekuchaja: EN ISO 15118-1 Standard

European Commission yaburitsa chisarudzo chichave nemhedzisiro yakakura kune vese vagadziri vemotokari dzemagetsi nezvivakwa zvekuchaja. Kubva gore rinouya, nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzinofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yeISO 15118. VDE Institute yakapa masevhisi akati wandei ekuyedza kugadzirisa uye iri kugadzira mamwe maitiro ekuyedza kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mitemo yacho inotevedzwa.

Kubva musi wa8 Ndira 2026, nzvimbo dzese dzekuchaja dzeveruzhinji dzinofanira kuzadzisa zvinodiwa neEN ISO 15118-1 kusvika -5 series of standards. Kubva musi wa1 Ndira 2027, kushandiswa kweEN ISO 15118-20 standard kuchave kwakakosha, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzepachivande kana dzeveruzhinji. Mitemo iyi ndiyo hwaro hwezvinhu zvichashandiswa mune ramangwana zvakaita se "plug and play," kutaurirana kwakachengeteka pakati pemotokari nenzvimbo dzekuchaja, uye kuchaja kwenzira mbiri (mota kubva kugrid kuenda kumota).

Chii chinonzi EN ISO 15118-1/2 Standard?

VDE Testing and Certification Institute yakapindura nekukurumidza zvinodiwa zvemutemo zvitsva uye parizvino iri kugadzira nzira dzekuongorora dzakajairwa. Chinangwa ndechekupa masevhisi ekuongorora akazara uye ekuvimbika kune vagadziri veAC neDC charging stations kubva padanho rekutanga, zvichibva paISO 15118 standard, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinosangana nezvinodiwa.

Mabasa eVDE Institute eISO 15118 anosanganisira kushandira pamwe uye kuyedzwa kwekuenderana kwezvivakwa zvekuchaja, kugadzirira mishumo yebvunzo yakajairika uye zvitupa zvekuenderana, uye kuongororwa kwekubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvakaita seplug-and-play neV2G.

Mitemo yekuchaja yemurwi weEurope, IEC 61851-24:2014/2023 Annex C, yagara ichitaura zvakajeka kuti kutaurirana kwepamusoro-soro kwemamurwi ekuchaja eDC kunofanirwa kutevedzera DIN SPEC 70121:2014 kana ISO 15118-2:2014 (imwe kana dzese dzinogona kutsigirwa).

Chinodiwa ichi chinopa dambudziko kune mamwe makambani emuno anochaja zvinhu zvakawanda.

Kusiyana kwechimiro chemuviri kuripo. Chimiro cheEuropean chinoshandisa CCS2 (Combined Charging System 2) interface, uko masoketi eAC neDC input anogovana interface imwe chete; chiyero cheChinese chinoshandisa System B interface, ichiparadzanisa AC neDC inputs. Musiyano uyu unogona kugadziriswa nekunyatsotevedzera chiyero cheIEC 62196 (chinotsanangura zvakajeka zviyero zvemuviri uye zvinodiwa pakushanda), zvichiita kuti zvive nyore tekinoroji.

Nzira yekutaurirana yakasiyana. Iyi ipfungwa huru yetekinoroji. Nozzle yekuchaja yeChinese ine mitsara yakasiyana yeCAN+ neCAN-signal, uye kutaurirana kwemurwi wekuchaja mota kunoshandisa kutaurirana kweCAN; nepo nozzle yekuchaja yeEuropean standard isina mutsetse weCAN, ichishandisa PLC (Power Line Communication), ichibatanidza chiratidzo chehigh-frequency kune chiratidzo che12V, 1kHz PWM low-frequency pulse width modulation pakati pemitsara yeCP nePE. Zvichienzaniswa nekutaurirana kweCAN, PLC communication protocol development yakanyanya kuoma, uye magwaro e open-source haawaniki. Saka, makambani mazhinji ekuchaja murwi anotenga mamodules akasiyana eSECC (Supply Equipment Communication Controller), achirongedza ruzivo rwavo rwekuchaja kuburikidza nemasaini eCAN uye otumira kuSECC module, iyo inobva yataurirana nemodule yeEVCC (EV Communication Controller) yemotokari.

Zvisinei, kutenga kana kugadzira module yako yeSECC ingori danho rekutanga chete. Mushure mekunge module yeSECC yaiswa mudura rekuchaja, zvichiri kufanira kuratidzwa kuti module, kana ikashandiswa nedura rese rekuchaja, inoenderana nezvinodiwa neEuropean standard DIN SPEC 70121:2014 kana ISO 15118-2:2014.

Kuti vachengetedze mari, makambani mazhinji ekuchaja anosarudza kutsigira DIN SPEC 70121 chete nekuti kutenga mamodule eSECC kwakachipa uye kuri nyore kuyedza.

Ndeapi musiyano mukuru uripo pakati peDIN 70121 standards neISO 15118 series yema DC charging piles?

Kungotsigira DIN 70121 hakuchina kukwana kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zveEU zvazvino.

EU yakaburitsa COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2025/656 muna Chikumi 2025. Mutemo uyu unowedzerwa uye unogadziriswa kuREGULATION (EU) 2023/1804 maererano nekuchaja pasina waya, masisitimu emagetsi emigwagwa, uye hydrogen supply yemotokari dzinotakura vanhu mumugwagwa. Yakaburitswa muna 2023, REGULATION (EU) 2023/1804, inozivikanwa zvikuru seAlternative Fuel Infrastructure Regulation (AFIR), mutemo mukuru wemutemo wakaunzwa neEuropean Union kuti ukurumidze kuchinja kuenda kune zero-emission transport uye kugadzirisa kushomeka kwezvivakwa zvemamwe mafuta (magetsi, hydrogen, nezvimwewo). Chinangwa chayo ndechekuraira nyika dziri nhengo kuti dzivandudze network dzadzo dzekuchaja nekuwedzera mafuta kuburikidza nemutemo, kuderedza kunetseka kwevashandisi nezvenzvimbo uye kuwedzera mafuta, uye kutsigira kushandiswa kukuru kwemotokari dzemagetsi (EVs), mota dzehydrogen fuel cell (FCEVs), uye marori emagetsi ane mutoro mukuru.

Muchidimbu, EU yakaburitsa shanduro yakagadziridzwa yeAlternative Fuel Infrastructure Regulation (AFIR), iyo ine simba rakazara remutemo, inosungirwa, uye inoshanda zvakananga kunyika dzese dziri nhengo.

Zvigadziriso zvakakosha zvinosanganisira: Mushure me8 Ndira 2026, nzvimbo dzese dzekuchaja dzinosvikika pachena uye dzichangoiswa kana kugadziriswa, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeAC neDC, dzinofanira kutevedzera zvinodiwa neEN ISO 15118-2:2016. Mushure me1 Ndira 2027, nzvimbo dzese dzekuchaja dziri munharaunda yeruzhinji dzichangoiswa kana kugadziriswa, kusanganisira mapombi ekuchaja eAC neDC, dzinofanira kutevedzera EN ISO 15118-20:2022. Kana nzvimbo yekuchaja ichipa masevhisi ekuongorora otomatiki uye ekubvumidza, akadai sePNC (plug-and-charge), inofanira kutevedzera EN ISO 15118-2:2016 uye standard EN ISO 15118-20:2022. Mushure me1 Ndira 2027, nzvimbo dzese dzekuchaja dziri munzvimbo dzekuchaja dzepachivande dzichangoiswa kana kugadziriswa, dzenzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeMode 2 AC, dzinofanira kutevedzera EN IEC 61851-1:2019; Pamapombi ekuchaja eMode 3 AC nemapombi ekuchaja eMode 4 DC, anofanirwa kutevedzera EN ISO 15118-20:2022. Muchidimbu, nzvimbo dzese dzekuchaja dzeveruzhinji dzeDC itsva kana dzakagadziriswa dzakaiswa mushure megore ra2026 dzinofanira kutevedzera EN ISO 15118-2:2016. Nzvimbo dzese dzekuchaja dzeDC itsva kana dzakagadziriswazve uye nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeMode 3 AC dzakaiswa mushure megore ra2027 dzinofanirawo kutevedzera EN ISO 15118-20:2022.

Mumhuri yenzvimbo dzekuchaja, maMode 2 IC-CPD chete ndiwo ari kunze kwemutemo uyu. MuChina, nzvimbo idzi dzekuchaja dzinotakurika dzinonzi "machaja akaiswa mumota," uye muEurope, simba radzo hariwanzopfuura 3.7kW. REGULATION (EU) 2025/656 inotsanangura kuti PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) yakakwana kune nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeMode 2 AC, inotsigira ISO 15118-2 kana 20, uye haiunzi chero imwe kukosha kumushandisi wekupedzisira.

Kumakambani emuno anochaja, mutemo mutsva uyu unogona kukonzera zvipingamupinyi zvikuru zvetekinoroji. Pakutanga, kutevedzera DIN 70121 kwaidiwa, asi nguva pfupi yakatevera, rutsigiro rweISO 15118 rwakarayirwa; rutsigiro rweISO 15118-2 neISO 15118-20 rwaidiwawo. Mamwe makambani anochaja aitsvaga kuwedzera kune dzimwe nyika aisaziva nezvemitemo iyi uye aifanira kunzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati peDIN SPEC 70121, ISO 15118-2, neISO 15118-20, nechinangwa chekuvatsigira. Sei paine mitemo yakawanda yekutaurirana pamusoro pemirwi yekuchaja mota muEurope?

Kushanduka kweISO 15118 Series Standards: Kubva paTransitional Solution kuenda kuGlobal Benchmark

Pakutanga kwa2010, boka revashandi pamwe chete reIEC Technical Committee 69 (TC69) neISO Technical Committee 22 (TC22) rakatanga kushanda pamwe chete pamitemo yeISO 15118, vachitarisira kugadzirisa dambudziko rekutaurirana kwakabatana pakati pemotokari dzemagetsi nemapombi ekuchaja. Nekuti boka revashandi rakafunga nezvenyaya dzakasiyana-siyana uye rakanangana neshanduro yakakura, inoenderana, nguva yekugadzirira mitemo yeISO 15118 yaive yakareba zvakanyanya, uye kuburitswa kwayo kwakanonoka.

Asi musika hauna kukwanisa kumirira. Vagadziri vemotokari vekuGermany, kunyanya, vanoda kuti mota dzavo dzemagetsi dzikwanise kubhadharisa zvinhu zvakafanana nekukurumidza kuti vawane mukana wemusika. Nokudaro, vane chekuita neindasitiri yekuGermany vakabatana uye, mukati mehurongwa hweDIN, vakatora zvinhu zvakakura kubva muhurukuro dzeISO 15118 kuti vagadzire mwero wenyika yeGerman unogona kushandiswa nekukasika. DIN SPEC 70121 yakaburitswa muna 2012; yakagadziridzwa muna 2014; uye mwero wayo wekuyedza, DIN SPEC 70122:2018, yakaburitswa muna 2018.

Muyero weISO 15118 wakaburitswa kunonoka, uye vhezheni yekutanga yakaburitswa zviri pamutemo muna 2013. Miyero chaiyo yekushandiswa kwedanho remagetsi uye mwero wekuyedza yakazoburitswa muna 2014 na2018. ISO 15118 imhando yakakura yemiyero yakura nekukurumidza. Chizvarwa chekutanga chemiyero ine chekuita nekuchaja kwemhepo chinosanganisira zviyero zvishanu zvinotevera: ISO 15118-1 (General Requirements and Use Case Definitions), ISO 15118-2 (Application Layer Protocol Requirements), ISO 15118-3 (Physical Layer and Data Link Layer Requirements), ISO 15118-4 (Application Layer Test Specifications), uye ISO 15118-5 (Physical Layer Test Specifications). DIN SPEC 70121:2014 inogona kuonekwa seshanduro yakapfava yeISO 15118-2/3. DIN SPEC 70121 inotsigira DC charging chete, nepo ISO 15118-1 kusvika ku5 standards ichitsigira AC neDC charging panguva imwe chete, uye inotsigirawo TLS encryption, plug-and-charge (PNC) functionality, uye smart charging.

Muna 2022, ISO 15118 series yakaburitsa chiyero chayo chekuchaja chechizvarwa chechipiri, icho chinonzi ISO 15118-20:2022, chataurwa pamusoro apa. Kana ichienzaniswa neISO 15118-2, inotsigirawo TLS 1.3 encryption, V2G (mota-to-grid), WPT (wireless charging), uye ACD (otomatiki connection device), uye ine zviyero zvekuyedza zvinoenderana: 15118-21 Common Tests, 15118-23 DC Specific Tests, 15118-22 AC Specific Tests (hazvisati zvaburitswa), 15118-24 ACD Specific Tests (hazvisati zvaburitswa), uye 15118-25 WPT Specific Tests (hazvisati zvaburitswa). DIN SPEC 70121 yakatanga kugadzirwa senzira yekuchinjana kuti itsigire kukura nekukurumidza kwemusika wemotokari dzemagetsi ISO 15118 isati yaburitswa. Zvisinei, musarudzo dzekutaurirana pakati pezviteshi zvekuchaja nemotokari, kunyangwe mota nenzvimbo yekuchaja zvichitsigira DIN SPEC 70121 neISO 15118, DIN SPEC 70121 ichiri kutonga mune dzakawanda mamiriro ezvinhu. Kunze kwekubatsira kwekutanga kweDIN SPEC 70121, kushaikwa kwekushandiswa kwepamusoro uye kwakaoma (TLS/PNC/V2G/WPT, nezvimwewo) ndicho chikonzero chakakosha.

Sei mutemo mutsva wezvigadziriso zvemafuta uchizoda rutsigiro rwakazara rweISO 15118-2 neISO 15118-20?

Pfungwa huru yekusimudzirwa kwemitemo yeISO 15118 neEU inosungirwa

European Commission ine pfungwa dzezvemitemo yeindasitiri.

Nzvimbo yekuisa mafuta panzvimbo peimwe mafuta (Directive 2014/94/EU pamusoro pekushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzekuisa mafuta panzvimbo imwe) yakatanga kuburitswa muna 2014, asi yakanga isiri mutemo panguva iyoyo, yaingova murairo chete.

Mirayiridzo yakasiyana nemitemo inosungirwa nekuti inongotaura chete mhedzisiro inofanira kuwanikwa, asi hainyatso tsanangura zvinodiwa, zvichibvumira nyika dziri nhengo kugadzira nzira dzekuzvishandisa dzakazvimirira.

Semuenzaniso, murairo we2014 wekugadzirisa zvivakwa zvemafuta waisanganisirawo zvinodiwa zvekuchaja nzvimbo, nzvimbo dzekuisa hydrogen, uye nzvimbo dzekuisa mafuta, asi wakangotaura chete kuti dzinofanira kuva ne "huwandu hwakakodzera hwekufukidza," pasina kudoma zvinangwa zvenhamba, zvichikonzera kupatsanuka uye kukura kusina kuenzana kwezvivakwa muEU yese. Nyika dzine masisitimu emagetsi emagetsi (EV) akagadzirwa zvakanaka uye akapararira zviri nyore kuda kuisa mari, nepo idzo dzine EV inononoka kukura dziri kufambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma. Mumakore achangopfuura, kuvandudzwa kweEV pasi rose kwave nekukurumidza (kupinda kweEV muChina kwakapfuura 50%), asi muEurope, zvivakwa zvekuchaja zvisina kusimba uye mashandiro akaomarara zvakakonzera ruzivo rwakashata rwevashandisi veEV, zvichitadzisa shanduko yekufambisa zero-carbon.

DIN SPEC 70121, sechibvumirano chekuchinja, yagara ichishanda senzira huru yekuchaja, izvo zvinoratidza izvi.

European Commission yakaona kudiwa kwekukurumidzisa kuvaka kwezvivakwa zvitsva zvesimba; zvikasadaro, zvaisazongova zvakaoma kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekuderedza kabhoni muna 2050 asiwo kusara kumashure mumakwikwi muindasitiri yemagetsi emotokari neakagoverwa. Kuti izvi zvidzore mamiriro ezvinhu, EU yakavandudza Directive 2014/94/EU kusvika pamutemo (REGULATION (EU) 2023/1804) muna 2023, ichitsanangura zvakajeka chinangwa: panosvika 2025, nzvimbo yekuchaja ine simba rese reinenge 400kW inofanira kuiswa makiromita makumi matanhatu ega ega. Nzvimbo iyi yekuchaja inofanira kunge iine kanenge murwi mumwe chete wekuchaja une simba re150kW kana kupfuura. Panosvika 2027: Simba rese rinodiwa panzvimbo dzekuchaja pamakiromita makumi matanhatu richawedzera kusvika 600kW, uye rinofanira kunge riine kanenge nzvimbo imwe chete yekuchaja ine simba rinobuda re150kW kana kupfuura.

European Commission ine mitemo yeindasitiri iri kushandiswa.

Mutemo weKushandiswa kweZvivakwa zveMafuta Zvimwe (Directive 2014/94/EU) wakatanga kuburitswa muna 2014, pakutanga semurairo kwete mutemo.

Kusiyana nezvinodiwa nemitemo, mirairo inotsanangura mhedzisiro inodiwa pasina kuiyera zvakajeka, zvichibvumira nyika dziri nhengo kugadzira nzira dzadzo dzekushandisa.

Semuenzaniso, 2014 Directive on Alternative Fuel Infrastructure yakatsanangurawo zvinodiwa pakuisa mari, nzvimbo dzekuisa mari yehydrogen, uye nzvimbo dzekuisa mari yeCNG, asi yakangotaura chete "huwandu hwakakodzera hwekufukidza" pasina kutaura nhamba chaiyo. Izvi zvakakonzera kupatsanuka uye kukura kusina kuenzana kwezvivakwa muEU yese. Nyika dzine kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kwakakwira uye kwakapararira dzinoda kuisa mari, nepo nyika dzine kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kunonoka dziri kufambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma. Mumakore achangopfuura, musika wepasi rose wemotokari dzemagetsi (EV) wakawedzera nekukurumidza (kupinda kweEV muChina kwakapfuura 50%). Zvisinei, muEurope, zvivakwa zvekuisa mari zvisina kusimba uye mashandiro akaomarara zvakakonzera ruzivo rwakashata rwevashandisi veEV, zvichitadzisa shanduko yekufambisa mota dzisina kabhoni.

DIN SPEC 70121, sechibvumirano chekuchinja, yagara ichishanda senzira huru yekuchaja, izvo zvinoratidza izvi.

European Commission yakaona kudiwa kwekukurumidzisa kuvaka zvivakwa zvitsva zvesimba; zvikasadaro, zvaisazongova zvakaoma kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekuderedza kabhoni muna 2050 asiwo kusara kumashure mumakwikwi muindasitiri yemagetsi emotokari neakagoverwa. Kuti izvi zviitike, EU yakavandudza Directive 2014/94/EU kusvika pamutemo (REGULATION (EU) 2023/1804) muna 2023, ichitsanangura zvakajeka zvinangwa: Panosvika 2025: nzvimbo yekuchaja ine simba rese reinenge 400kW inofanira kuiswa makiromita makumi matanhatu ega ega. Nzvimbo iyi yekuchaja inofanira kunge iine murwi mumwe chete wekuchaja we150kW kana kupfuura. Panosvika 2027: simba rese rinodiwa panzvimbo dzekuchaja makiromita makumi matanhatu ega ega richawedzera kusvika 600kW, uye rinofanira kunge riine murwi mumwe chete wekuchaja we150kW kana kupfuura.