Tiwhikete Puranga Utu Paerewa o Amerika (Wāhanga 1) – Kupu Whakataki

Pūmanawa Mākete

He tino nui te mākete o Ūropi – e 400 miriona te taupori i roto i ngā whenua mema e 46, nō reira he tino teitei te tono mō ngā puranga utu hiko hou. I taua wā, ko te nuinga o ngā whenua o Āhia, o Āwherika, me Ahitereiria e whai ana i ngā paerewa me ngā pūnaha tiwhikete a Ūropi, ā, ko te whiwhi tiwhikete CE he rite ki te eke panuku ā-kore i te tiwhikete o ēnei whenua. Whakapaua te tāra kotahi ki te mahi i ngā mea maha, kai atu i te wā kotahi.

Ngā Wero i Amerika Te Raki

• ⚠ Te Pōhēhētanga i roto i ngā PaerewaE toru ngā momo atanga ā-tinana mō ngā teihana utu takitahi, arā, ko CCS1, NACS, me CHAdeMO. I tēnei wā, ko te atanga matua kei te mākete ko CCS1 tonu, e tautokona ana e te nuinga o ngā kamupene motuka. Kei te tere tipu haere hoki te atanga NACS e tohuhia ana e Tesla. Kua panuitia e Ford me General Motors te tautoko mō te NACS i roto i ā rātou tauira hou. Kei te tata te whakakorenga o te atanga CHAdeMO o Hapani, me te 10% noa iho te wahanga mākete. Nō reira, kāore he kōrero kotahi mō te kaweake o ngā teihana utu ki te Hononga o Amerika mō te tiwhikete atanga CCS1, te tiwhikete NACS, te tiwhikete chademo rānei, he mea whakapoauau tēnei.
• ⚠ Paepae Whakauru TeiteiKo te tikanga o te Hononga o Amerika he tautoko i ngā umanga ā-rohe, ā, ko te Ture Whakaiti Pikinga (IRA) i whakamanahia i te tau 2022 e kī ana kia hangaia te 40% o ngā wāhanga o ngā teihana utu hiko i roto i te Hononga o Amerika. Ki te kore e tutuki tēnei ōwehenga, kāore e taea te whiwhi tautoko mō te pūngao hou. I taua wā anō, i raro i te awe o te whakahaerenga a Trump, ko ētahi tauira o ngā teihana utu hiko ā-rohe e kaweake ana ki te Hononga o Amerika kei raro i ngā tariff tae atu ki te 25%, ka ngaro ohorere te whakataetae o ngā hua Haina. Ko te mutunga iho o tēnei ko te neke atu i te 50% te wāhanga mākete o ngā kamupene ā-rohe e toru o Amerika, arā, ko ChargePoint, EVgo, me Blink Charging, e kore e waiho he wāhi mō ngā kamupene o tāwāhi ki te ora.
• ⚠ Te utu nui o te tiwhiketeKo te kaweake ki te Hononga o Amerika te whiringa tuatahi mā teTiwhikete ULHei tauira, he pou whakawhitiwhiti kōrero māmā noa iho, mō te tiwhikete CE, ki te whiriwhiri koe i ngā kaiārahi tiwhikete Pākehā, arā, ko T Ü VS Ü DS Ü D, ko Rheinland rānei, ka taea te whakaoti i te huinga katoa mō te 200,000 yuan pea, ā, e toru marama te roa o te huringa tiwhikete. Mō ngā hua rite, neke atu i te 500,000 yuan te utu tiwhikete UL, ā, e ono marama hoki te roa o te huringa. He nui rawa atu te utu tiwhikete mō ngā puranga DC, ko te utu CE kei waenganui i te 300,000 ki te 400,000 yuan, ā, he ngāwari te neke atu o te utu UL i te kotahi miriona yuan. E aro ana ngā teihana utu ki te umanga hanga taputapu, ā, he iti rawa ngā hua o ngā kamupene teihana. Kāore e taea te whakapau moni nui ki te tiwhikete me te kore e whiwhi moni mākete.

Hei miihini matua mō te R&D me te miihini whaimana mō ngā teihana utu hiko o Amerika Te Raki, e mōhio pai ana ahau ki te uauatanga me te kore tika o te kaweake ki Amerika Te Raki.

I roto i te tuhinga e whai ake nei, ka rukuhia e au te pūnaha tiwhikete o Amerika Te Raki e titoa ana i te NFPA 70, NRTL, OSHA, me te UL, mai i te urunga ki te mākete; Ā muri ake nei, ka whakaratohia e au he whakamārama taipitopito o te UL 2594 (paerewa puranga AC) me te UL 2202 (paerewa puranga DC), me te whakataurite i ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā puranga utu paerewa Amerika me ngā puranga utu paerewa ā-motu o Ūropi, hei āwhina i te katoa kia karo i ngā peka ke; Hei whakamutunga, ka matapakihia e au ngā whakaritenga mō ngā pūnaha tiaki whaiaro (UL 2231) me te haumaru mahi (UL 991 me te UL 1998) i roto i ngā teihana utu paerewa Amerika, kia tino whakakorea ai ngā arai i roto i te hoahoa o ngā teihana utu.